Risk Factors for Large for Gestational age Infants in Pregnant Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Objective: To examine the risk factors for large for gestational age (LGA) infants in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).

Methods: Data were extracted from antenatal records of 282 GDM women who attended the antenatal clinict and delivered at Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University.wed Risk factors were analyzed and compared between LGA group and control group.

Results: History of previous macrosomia infants, pre-pregnant BMI ≥25 kg/m², glucosuria on delivery day, fasting plasma glucose (FPG) of oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) ≥ 95 mg/dl and plasma glucose at 1 hr of OGTT ≥ 180 mg/dl were significant risk factors for LGA infants (P < 0.05). Using multivariate analysis, the remained significant factors were the history of prior macrosomia infants, pre-pregnant BMI ≥ 25 kg/m² and FPG of OGTT ≥ 95 mg/dl (OR 4.86, 95%CI 1.66-14.25, OR 1.94, 95%CI 1.08-3.51 and, OR 3.05, 95%CI 1.61-5.77, respectively).

Conclusion: The significant risk factors for LGA infants in GDM women were the history of prior macrosomia infants, pre-pregnant BMI ≥ 25 kg/m² and FPG ≥ 95 mg/dl.The most important risk factor for LGA infant was the history of prior macrosomia.