The Prevalence and Risk Factors of Dysmenorrhea in Adolescent Girls at Demonstration School of Khon Kaen University
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Abstract
Objectives: To study the prevalence of dysmenorrhea and factors associated with moderate to severe symptoms among adolescents at Demonstration School of Khon Kaen University.
Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional anonymous online survey was conducted between May and July 2025. Dysmenorrhea severity was measured using a numeric rating scale (0–10) and categorized as mild, moderate, or severe. Predictive factors included age, body mass index, menstrual history (age at menarche, number of pads used per day, and frequency of dysmenorrhea episodes in the past 6 months), exercise, and sugar-sweetened beverage consumption. Treatment methods and academic impact were also evaluated. Statistical analyses and logistic regression were applied to identify associated factors.
Results: Among 245 respondents, 35.8% were aged 12–14 years. Dysmenorrhea prevalence was 87.3% (204/245), with 74% reporting moderate to severe symptoms. Adolescents aged 15–18 years (odds ratio (OR) 2.28, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.16, 4.48, p = 0.017) and those reporting symptoms in ≥4 of the past six cycles (OR 2.70, 95% CI 1.39, 5.35, p = 0.003) were more likely to report moderate to severe dysmenorrhea. Compared with the mild group, those with moderate-to-severe dysmenorrhea reported greater medication use (p < 0.001), rest from usual activities (p = 0.021), and reduced academic performance (p = 0.001). Only 5.9% sought medical care, and fewer than 8% reported regular exercise.
Conclusion: Dysmenorrhea was highly prevalent among adolescents, with most reporting moderate to severe symptoms, and it can begin as early as age 12. Older adolescents and those with more frequent episodes were at higher risk of severe symptoms.
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