Factors related to respiratory health among stone mortar and stone carving workers: a case study in Ang Sila, Chonburi Province

Abstract

This cross-sectional descriptive study aimed to investigate personal factors, occupational factors, dust exposure levels, use of personal protective equipment (PPE), and respiratory symptoms among stone mortar and stone carving workers in Ang Sila Subdistrict, Chonburi Province. The sample consisted of 15 employees from four participating shops. Data were collected through air sampling equipment, sampling record forms, pulmonary function testing, and structured questionnaires. Descriptive statistics and the Chi-square test were used for data analysis.
The results revealed that most participants were male, aged between 50–59 years, and had been working in stone mortar production and stone carving for 21–30 years. Knowledge regarding the health effects of stone dust exposure and its prevention was at a moderate level (mean score = 13.47 ± 3.74). The sample group also demonstrated a significant level of dust-protective behaviors (mean score = 45.13 ± 5.47). Inhalable and respirable dust concentrations ranged from 0.30–47.15 mg/m³ and 0.30–7.25 mg/m³, respectively. The most commonly reported respiratory symptoms were shortness of breath (46.7%), nasal congestion (40.0%), and coughing in the morning or upon waking (40.0%). Statistical analysis showed significant associations between respiratory symptoms and factors including work duration, occupational history, knowledge, protective behaviors, and inhalable dust concentration in the work area (p < 0.05). Additionally, the use of inappropriate protective masks was significantly associated with restrictive lung disease (p < 0.05).
In conclusion, it is recommended to raise awareness among workers about occupational health risks and preventive measures, implement dust emission control at the source, and maintain ongoing medical surveillance and regular health check-ups.