The development of health system and environmental safety in brass forging factory, Nasamai Subdistrict, Mueang district, Yasothon province

Abstract

This study employed an action research approach that integrated both quantitative and qualitative data collection while actively engaging participants in interventions aimed at improving the study area. The objectives were to (1) assess the working environments of seven brass foundries, (2) examine health abnormalities among 93 employees, and (3) develop a participatory safety management model to enhance workplace safety. A mixed-methods design was utilized, incorporating employee health questionnaires, workplace environmental measurement records, and focus group interviews as research instruments.

               The findings revealed that certain workplace environmental factors did not meet regulatory standards, particularly insufficient lighting in work areas, as specified in the Ministerial Regulation on Occupational Safety, Health, and Environmental Management Standards for Heat, Lighting, Dust, and Noise (2016). Regarding particulate matter exposure, the highest average concentration recorded was 1.003 ± 0.001 mg/m³, which remained within the permissible exposure limits established by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). Heat levels at all measurement points did not exceed an average of 32.0°C, while noise levels remained below 85 dBA; both were within acceptable regulatory limits. With respect to health abnormalities, the most frequently reported symptoms among workers were eye irritation, including itching, burning, and discomfort (10.8%); skin irritation, such as rashes (9.7%); and nasal congestion, sneezing, and rhinorrhea (7.5%), primarily associated with dust exposure.

               The development of a participatory safety management model, grounded in action research principles, promoted active employee involvement in workplace safety and health management. This participatory approach enabled employees to contribute recommendations for improving workplace environmental conditions, health management practices, and safety measures. Key recommendations emphasized behavioral modifications and increased safety awareness to foster a healthier and safer work environment. Overall, the findings provide a foundational basis for developing an effective and sustainable safety management model for brass foundries in Yasothon Province.