The Results of Using Denosumab in Patients with Osteoporosis at Samut Sakhon Hospital over a Period of 2 Years

Abstract

Background: After the continuous administration of 60 mg, denosumab subcutaneously every 6 months in patients diagnosed with osteoporosis, it was observed that some patients experienced a decrease in kidney function, and in some cases, hip fractures occurred while receiving denosumab. Objective: To study the effects of denosumab on the lumbar spine, hip bones, and kidney function in osteoporosis patients. Method: This research was retrospective study. Result: 70 cases were studied. It was found that after patients received 60 mg denosumab injections subcutaneously every 6 months for a period of 2 years, bone mineral density and T-score of the lumbar spine significantly improved (p < .05). The bone mineral density of the lumbar spine at L1, L2, L3, L4, and L1-4, increased by 6.10%, 7.77%, 7.02%, 6.40%, and 7.55%, respectively. However, the bone mineral density and T-score of the hip did not change. There was a significant decrease in kidney function (p<0.05) from the initial average value of 72.34 to 67.08, an average of reduction was 7.27%. The decrease in kidney function was associated with age of the patients (p = .020), patients with diabetes (p = .011),  hypertension (p < .001), collapsed spines (p = .046) and hip fracture (p = .002) diagnosed before treatment. Conclusion: Caution should be exercised in the use of denosumab, especially in patients with underlying risk factors as mentioned. BMD of hip did not change after 2 years of treatment but BMD of spines statistical significantly increased.