Nature of Medication Adherence in Patients with Non-communicable Diseases in Tertiary Care
Keywords:
Medication adherence, Non-communicable diseases (NCDs), Prevalence, Unused medication, Tertiary careAbstract
Background: The treatment of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) aims to control symptoms and prevent complications through a combination of medication use and behavior modification. Successful treatment relies on the cooperation of patients in adhering to medication regimens. Non-adherence with medication usage is a major cause of unused medication, which in turn has implications for the country's healthcare expenditure. Objectives: To estimate the prevalence rate of medication non-adherence and assess the value of unused medication. Methods: This study employed a cross-sectional descriptive observational study from October 2020 to July 2021. The inclusion criteria were patients with at least one of the following conditions: hypertension, diabetes, and/or dyslipidemia, who were treated as outpatients in the Department of Medicine at Rajavithi Hospital. Exclusion criteria included: 1) age younger than 18 years; 2) brain abnormalities; and 3) inability to provide information. Systematic sampling was used to select patients for the study. Patients were interviewed using a developed questionnaire that had been validated by experts. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: The study included 286 patients with NCDs. The prevalence rate of medication non-adherence in patients with NCDs was 29.72%. There were 11,341 tablets of unused medication due to medication non-adherence, with a total value of 46,339.14 Baht, averaging 545.16 Baht per patient. Atorvastatin 40 mg was the medication with the highest value of unused medication, amounting to 12,337.50 Baht, while Metformin 500 mg had the highest quantity of unused medication with 1,141.50 tablets. Conclusions: Non-adherence to medication is a considerable in patients with NCDs in tertiary care. Policymakers should plan solutions to address medication non-adherence issues in patients with NCDs, especially medication expenses, and promoting medication adherence aligned with the social and cultural context of Thai patients.
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