การพัฒนารูปแบบปการส่งเสริมการใช้ยาอย่างสมเหตุผลในชุมชน พื้นที่รับผิดชอบของโรงพยาบาลส่งเสริมสุขภาพตำบลบ้านโพธิ์กระสังข์ อำเภอขุนหาญ จังหวัดศรีสะเกษ

Abstract

This research is an Action Research, applying the concepts of Kemmis & Mc Taggart along with the concept of safe medication use according to the Rational Drug Use in the community (RDU community) principles. The aim was to study the development of a model for promoting rational drug use in the community in the area of responsibility of Ban Pho Krasang Sub-district Health Promoting Hospital, Khun Han District, Sisaket Province. The sample group and collaborators in developing the model for promoting rational drug use consisted of:1.) Health personnel: Interdisciplinary professionals with roles and responsibilities in public health within the Khun Han District Health Service Network and Pho Krasang Sub-district, and staff working at the Sub-district Health Promoting Hospital, totaling 25 people.2.) Sample group and co-researchers: Representatives from every household in the model community (one person per household) in Ban Nong Khanan, Village No. 6, Pho Krasang Sub-district, Khun Han District, Sisaket Province, totaling 83 people.The instruments used in this research comprised two sets:Set 1: A questionnaire for practitioners and stakeholders related to rational drug use in the community.Set 2: A questionnaire for service recipients and stakeholders.Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation) and the Paired t-test to compare results before and after the development, setting the statistical significance level at .05.

The research findings revealed that the developed model for promoting rational drug use in the community, within the area of responsibility of Ban Pho Krasang Sub-district Health Promoting Hospital, Khun Han District, Sisaket Province, consisted of 8 steps:1.) Pre-research preparation phase 2.) Planning phase 3.) Plan approval 4.) Rational Drug Use Promotion Project in the Sub-district Health Promoting Hospital 5.) Rational Drug Use Promotion Project in the community and entrepreneurs 6.) Drug Consumer Protection Project in the community (home visits, survey of grocery stores) 7.) Evaluation of rational drug use implementation results 8.) Reflection and lesson learned.The findings regarding the outcomes showed that practitioners and stakeholders related to rational drug use in the community had a statistically significant increase in average knowledge scores of 2.512 points (SD = 1.34) (p < .05) at a 95% confidence level. Skills and competence in implementing rational drug use in the community increased by an average of 0.124 points (SD = 0.15), and participation in the rational drug use promotion model increased by an average of 0.154 points (SD = 0.186).For service recipients and stakeholders, the average knowledge score regarding rational drug use in the community after the research implementation increased by 0.277 points (SD = 0.636). Rational drug use behavior in the community increased by an average of 0.218 points (SD = 0.50), and satisfaction with the rational drug use promotion model increased by an average of 0.124 points (SD = 0.28).The three success factors for the development of the model for promoting rational drug use in the community were:1.) Participation of the network and stakeholders (Participation) 2.) Knowledge and skills (Knowledge and skill) 3.) Communication and local work system (System)"