เภสัชกรแขวนป้ายในร้านยา: ช่องว่างการกำกับดูแลวิชาชีพและข้อเสนอเชิงนโยบาย

Abstract

Absent pharmacists refer to pharmacists who are officially registered as responsible pharmacists in licensed drug stores but are not physically present to perform their professional duties during operating hours. This issue poses risks to the quality of pharmaceutical services, consumer safety, and the credibility of professional regulatory systems. This article aims to examine the legal framework, institutional responsibilities, and regulatory gaps associated with absent pharmacists in Thailand. The analysis is based on a review of relevant laws, policy documents, academic literature, and publicly available information, using a policy and legal analysis framework. The findings indicate that while the Food and Drug Administration and Provincial Public Health Offices play important roles in regulating pharmaceutical establishments and pharmaceutical risks, issues relating to professional conduct and ethical standards fall primarily within the professional oversight functions of the Pharmacy Council of Thailand. Nevertheless, limitations in enforcement capacity, interagency coordination, and information sharing continue to constrain regulatory effectiveness. Drawing upon the concepts of Responsive Regulation, Tripartism, and Risk-Based Regulation, the article proposes policy recommendations including strengthening inspection capacity, developing graduated disciplinary measures, enhancing interagency collaboration, utilizing digital technologies to support regulatory oversight, and establishing a comprehensive pharmacist practice database. These measures may contribute to more effective professional regulation and stronger consumer protection within Thailand's community pharmacy sector.