Factors Related to Anemia in Pregnant Women Receiving Delivery Services at Lamthap Hospital in Lam Thap District, Krabi Province

Abstract

The study was a retrospective descriptive study. The objective was to investigate the factors associated with the occurrence of anemia among pregnant women who delivered at Lam Thap Hospital, Lam Thap District, Krabi Province. The sample consisted of 114 pregnant women who received delivery services at the hospital. The sample size was calculated using the formula by Krejcie and Morgan. Data were collected between October 2022 and September 2024 using a data collection form that included three main categories: 1) personal factors, 2) obstetric factors, and 3) the occurrence of anemia among pregnant women. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage) and inferential statistics employing the chi-square test to examine associations at a statistical significance level of p < 0.05. The results showed that personal factors were significantly associated with the occurrence of anemia among pregnant women (p < 0.01). These factors included educational level (χ² = 22.73, p < 0.01) and body mass index (BMI) at the first antenatal care (ANC) visit (χ² = 32.34, p < 0.001). Moreover, obstetric factors were also statistically significantly associated with anemia (p < 0. 01). These factors included age at the first ANC visit (c² = 7.60, p < 0.02), thalassemia screening results (χ² = 28.02, p < 0.01), and completing ANC visits as scheduled (χ² = 9.70, p < 0.01). From these findings, it is recommended to promote complete adherence to the ANC schedule, encourage improved nutritional status, and emphasize the consistent intake of iron supplements among pregnant women to prevent anemia and associated complications.