Nursing care for HIV- Infected pregnant Women: case study

Abstract

              HIV infection could cause acquired immunodeficiency syndrome or AIDS. When human body has received a HIV virus, it has demolished white blood cells which were an immunization of human body. Therefore, the immunization has been decreased, which could make an opportunistic infection easily. HIV virus could contact by blood, sperm, vaginal discharge from unsafe sex, receiving blood with contaminated HIV virus, and mother to child HIV transmission during ante-natal care intra-partum care and post-partum care or by breast feeding. The affect of pregnant women with HIV infection could increase abortion rate, intrauterine growth retardation, still birth , prematurity, low birth weight infant, and dead fetus in utero.
              The mother to child HIV transmission rate had 4.6 percent in 2008, whereas it had been decreased at 2.8 percent in 2012 and 1.9 percent in 2016. The ministry of public health decreed the goal of mother to child HIV transmission rate would be less than 1 percent in 2020. During 2014 to 2016, Samutprakarn hospital had had pregnant women with HIV infection 49 patients, 55 patients, and 62 patients perspectively, whereas the mother to child HIV transmission rate were 10.6, 4.68, 7.14 percents perspectively. The trends of this mother to child HIV transmission has increased, which derived from late antenatal care or no attend to antenatal care, inconsistent taking ARV medication, women with HIV infection got pregnant by concealed HIV result from husband. All those causes could bring highly mother to child HIV transmission. Therefore, standard health care system, particularly on nursing care for HIV–infected pregnant women was very important in term of continuing care during ante-natal care, intra-partum care, and post-partum care, which could be beneficial for mothers with HIV-infected to become healthy, bring back to normal living with their families, and ceasing from mother to child HIV transmission.