Prevalence and Risk Factors for retinopathy of premature infants in KamPhaeng Phet Hospital
Keywords:
Prevalence, Retinopathy of prematurityAbstract
Increasing survival of preterm and very low birth weight infants due to advances in neonatal management has resulted in increase in the prevalence of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). This descriptive cross-sectional study aimed to determine the prevalence and risk factors for retinopathy of prematurity in KamPhaeng Phet Hospital. The study was performed on premature infants who received a fundus examination at the ophthalmologic outpatient department in KamPhaeng Phet Hospital between January 2016 and May 2017. All patients were examined and diagnosed by one ophthalmologist. Data recorded included gender, gestational age, birth weight, zone and stage of retinopathy and duration of supplemental oxygen therapy. Descriptive analysis was used for reporting the prevalence of retinopathy of prematurity. The risk factors were analysed by Chi-Square test and Fisher’s Exact Test. Two hundred and sixty-nine patients were seen during the study period, 142 males and 127 females. Most patients were from 29 to 34 weeks of gestational age. Retinopathy of prematurity was found in 27 cases (10.0%), with Prethreshold ROP and Threshold ROP in 25 and 2 cases, respectively (9.3% and 0.7%). Duration of supplemental oxygen therapy, gestational age and birth weight were the main risk factors for developing retinopathy of prematurity. As duration of supplemental oxygen therapy, gestational age and birth weight were the main risk factors for developing retinopathy of prematurity, intensive care of premature infants and accurate timing of retinal examination are suggested as important therapeutic measures in the management of long-term retinopathy to reduce the risk of retinopathy of prematurity.
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