Compositae (Asteraceae) dermatitis

Abstract

Compositae dermatitis is an allergic contact dermatitis caused by the Compositae (Asteraceae) plant family which is one of the largest plant families. The most important allergens in the Compositae family are sesquiterpene lactones (SQLs), which are found in the oleoresin fraction of leaf, stem, flower and pollen. Examples of some possibly relevant flower composites include; chrysanthemum, daisy, chamomile and sunflower. Classic Compositae dermatitis resembles an airborne pattern on exposed skin on face, V of neck, back of hands and forearms commonly seen in middle-aged and elderly people, more commonly in men. However the clinical features are diverse and a localized eczema on the hands or face is also a common presentation seen as occupational dermatitis in younger patients. When clinical features or contact history suggests a possible Compositae allergy patch testing should be done with the standard sesquiterpene lactone mix and also to the suspected Compositae plants or their extract.