EFFECT OF PHYSICAL FITNESS PROGRAM AND TENNIS SERVING TECHNIQUE PROGRAM TO THE TENNIS SERVE QUALITY

Abstract

The purposes of this research were to study and compare the effects of physical fitness training program and techniques for quality tennis serving and speed of serving tennis. The samples were 25 male students in bachelor's degree, Faculty of Physical Education, Qujing Normal University, China, who were studying tennis at an average age of 20-22 years. The samples were specifically selected from only male students for study to develop muscles without concerning of sex. The instruments used in this study were a physical fitness training program and a program of serving techniques affecting the quality of serving tennis. The program created by the researcher for this experiment consisted of 3 items of physical fitness, grip strength (forearm strength), standing long jump (leg strength) and one-minute push-ups (upper limb strength) and 2 items of techniques, the speed of tennis serving and the serving success rate. The program of training took eight weeks, four days a week, 1 hour 30 minutes per day from May to June, 2018. The data were analyzed by mean, standard deviation and percentage. 

The results of study were as follows:

1. The results showed that grip strength (forearm strength), increased by 2.86 kg, (8.58%), standing long jump (The strength of the lower limb) increased by 7.36 meters, (3.03%), one-minute push-ups (the strength of the upper limbs) increased by 10.92 times, (21.26%), the speed of tennis serving increased 15.84 kilometers per hour (14.07%), and the serving success rate increased by 31.6% (58.52%).

           Significant differences of hand grip strength (forearm strength), standing long jump (leg strength), one-minute push-ups (upper limb strength), tennis serve speed, and the success rate of tennis serve were found in the pre and post experiments at the level of 0.05

1. The factors affecting the quality of tennis serving were as follows; the stability in throwing balls into the air, the accuracy of the hitting point, the reasonable movement technique based on scientific principles, the coordination of serving rhythm and the speed and strength. Also it was found that the increase in stability of throwing balls into the air, precision serving speed and the power of serving balls, the effectiveness the ball serving technique can increase the quality of serving. Therefore, in the design of the training program, it must adhere to the principles of competency development in order of steps. It must be consistent with scientific principles  and can improve the quality of serving. In practice to improve the quality of serving, practice of the speed and serving success rate were needed. In addition, to control the speed and success rate of serving quality needed development in speed, strength and power of the muscle. Moreover. Increasing the serving success rate depended on the accuracy of throwing the ball into the air and the technique of hitting the ball.