THE DEVELOPMENT OF CHAIR BASED EXERCISE PROGRAM TO REDUCE THE RISK OF FALLING OF THE ELDERLY
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Abstract
This research aimed to 1) develop a chair based exercise program to reduce the risk of falling of the elderly and 2) study the effect of the chair based exercise program to reduce the risk of falling of the elderly. The research was divided into 3 steps. The first step was drafting a prototype chair based exercise program to reduce the risk of falling of the elderly. The second step was investigating the quality of the chair based exercise program to reduce the risk of falling of the elderly, verified its content validity with the help of 5 experts. The program with a total sample of 15 elderly aged 60 - 69 years over four weeks. The third step studied the effect of the chair based exercise program using a quasi - experimental design. The samples comprised 60 volunteers aged 60 - 69 years and they were divided by into two groups by simple random sampling: 30 elderly in the experimental group by volunteer sampling and 30 elderly in control group for 8 weeks, 3 day a week. The tools included 1) chair based exercise program to reduce the risk of falling of the elderly and 2) the Berg Balance test. The data were analyzed by average, standard deviations and t - test at the 0.05 level of significance. The results of the study were as follows: 1) The chair based exercise program to reduce the risk of falling of the elderly consisted of 1.1) exercise frequency which was 3 times a week, 1.2) exercise intensity which was 45 – 60 % of maximum heart rate, 1.3) exercise duration which was 30 - 45 minutes, 1.4) type of exercise which was non - locomotor movement and workout sets, 1.5) exercise steps which were divided into 3 phases: the warm - up phase with 6 postures, lasting 5 - 10 minutes; the workout phase with a total 8 postures, lasting 20 - 30 minutes; and the cool down phase with 6 postures, lasting 5 - 10 minutes. 2) After the experiment, the risk of falling of the elderly test scores (the Berg Balance scores test) in the experimental group were significantly better than that before the experiment at the .05 level, and the risk of falling of the elderly test scores (the Berg Balance scores test) in the experimental group were significantly better than that the control group at the .05 level.
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