Impact of HIV Infection in Pregnancy on Newborn Birth Weight

Abstract

Impact of HIV Infection in Pregnancy on Newborn Birth Weight

Khamnuan         Chitmaneevon    MD

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pranangklao Hospital, Nonthaburi

Objective: To compare the newborn birth weight in asymptomatic HIV - infected pregnant women and normal pregnant women.

Study design: Cross-sectional descriptive study.

Setting: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pranangklao Hospital.

Subjects: All pregnant women who delivered in Pranangklao Hospital between August 1, 2000 -  April 30, 2002 were reviewed. Totally asymptomatic 67 HIV - infected pregnant momen were enrolled. Non - infected pregnant women were serial random sampling to recruit 268 cases to the enrollment of this study.

Methods: Medical records of pregnant women who delivered at Pranangklao hospital were retrospective reviewed and collected data. All 74 HIV - infected pregnancy records were found, only 67 records were complete data for the study group. In non-infected pregnancy group was selected by serial sampling every twenty record to recruit cases to the study respectively. All 268 of 6,680 non-infected pregnant records were collected to enroll in the study, if the record in place was not met inclusion criteria the next record was recruit. Both groups were healthy, no any medical diseases.

Main outcome measures: Mean birth weight of both groups.

Results: Asymptomatic HIV - infected pregnant women had mean age 26.3+5.7 year-old, mean parity 2.2+1.1, mean hematocrit 33.6+4.3% and mean weight gain during pregnancy 10.8+2.7 kilograms. In normal pregnant women had mean age 25.9+5.5 year-old, mean parity 1.8+1.0, mean hematocrit 35.5+3.9% and mean weight gain 10.3+2.7 kilograms. The outcomes of newborn birth weight and gestational age in HIV - infected women were 3,043.9+532.4 grams, grams, 38.2+2.9 weeks respectively, comparing to newborn birth weight and gestational age in normal pregnant women were 3,048.0+532.4 grams, 37.9+2.9 weeks respectively. Both groups were statistic insignificant difference (p = 0.924, p = 0.262). Some of HIV -infected pregnant women got antiretroviral drug for prevention in viral transmitted from the mother to child.

Conclusion: Asymptomatic HIV -infection in pregnancy had no effect on newborn birth weight and gestational age at delivery.
Key words: HIV infection, pregnancy, newborn birth weight

Vajira Med J 2002 ; 46 : 223 - 229