Formulation Development of Vernonia Cinerea Lozenges for Smoking Cessation: A Pilot Study
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Abstract
Objective: to develop Vernonia cinerea lozenge formulation and to compare satisfaction as well as effectiveness in decreasing the number of daily cigarettes smoked.
Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted in 58 volunteers. The 3 different flavor and taste of lozenges containing 1 gram of Vernonia cinerea per tablet were given to all volunteers. The 6 lozenges/day of each formulation were administered on separate day with a 1 day washout period. The data analysis was performed by descriptive statistics and inferential statistics; Cochran’s Q test with Bonferoni correction and repeated analysis of variance where appropriate.
Results: Majority of volunteers were male with the mean age of 34 years old. Half of them were the employees of Rangsit University. The mean cigarettes smoked were 17 per day. The satisfaction on the lozenges appearance of formulation 2 was significantly higher than formulation 1 (p=0.002) while the others were not different. The satisfaction on taste and overall satisfaction were not different across 3 formulations. All 3 formulations can decrease average 30% smoked daily. There was low incidence of local side effects and eventually subsided.
Conclusion: The highest satisfaction was found in formulation 2. Vernonia cinerea lozenge was user friendly, having rare side effects and effective for smoking cessation.
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References
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