The Factors Influence on Weight Fain of Pregnant Women Who Attended Antenatal Care Clinic at Government Hospital in Bangkok

Abstract

The Factors Influence on Weight Fain of Pregnant Women Who Attended Antenatal Care Clinic at Government Hospital in Bangkok

Prapaiwan      Danpradit                Ed (Nursing), MED

Boonsri            Kittichotpanich      DrPH (Public Health Nursing)

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Nursing, Kuakarun College of Nursing

Objective: To study factors influence on maternal weight gain with in and with out criteria which were dietary intake during pregnancy, obstetric factors and lifestyle during pregnancy.

Study design: Descriptive study.

Subjects: Samples were collected from 460 primigravidarum by simple random sampling at antenatal care clinic from 7 government hospitals in Bangkok during June - December 2000.  All pregnant women were singleton pregnancy, 36-42 week of gestation age, 20-34 years of maternal age, no pregnancy complication, delivery at term and normal infant.  The subjects were divided into two groups of weight gain which were 144 cases within criteria and 316 cases without criteria.

Methods: The prospective study was done in third trimester primigravidarum with 351 weeks of gestation age until delivery at antenatal care clinic.  The lifestyle during pregnancy, 24 hours dietary recalled and food frequency pattern were collected by interviewing and 3 days food records were done by pregnant women.  The obstetric data were collected from antenatal care and delivery records.

Main outcome measures: Mean, correlation, Stepwise Multiple Regression and one way ANOVA of the factors influence on weight gain in pregnant women.

Results: The factors influence on maternal weight gain within and without criteria had a significant in the following variables:  dietary intake during pregnancy (p < 0.01), delivery gestational age (p< 0.05), family income (p = 0.01), number of antenatal care visited (p < 0.01), pre- pregnancy weight (p < 0.01), maternal height (p < 0.01) and body mass index (p < 0.05).  The three significant predictive variables with 13.70% of prediction which were number of antenatal care visited, dietary intake during pregnancy and family income.  With regarding to the mean of three significant predictive variables in normal weight gain group of pregnant women were 7.72+2.32 times of antenatal care visited, 1991 + 389 kilocalories dietary intake during pregnancy and 8,756 + 4,342 baht of family income.  The other variables with no significant difference on maternal weight gain were maternal age, number of hours in day and night sleeping and number daily of meal intake

Conclusion: The factors influence on maternal weight gain within and without criteria had a significant in the following variables: number of antenatal care visited, dietary intake during pregnancy and family income.

Key words: pregnancy, weight gain, factors influence, antenatal care

Vajira Med J 2003 ; 47 : 177 - 187