Risk Factors of Hospitalization due to Congestive Heart Failure in Type 2 Diabetes Patients at Faculty of Medicine Vajira Hospital, Navamindhradhiraj University
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Abstract
Background: Currently, the prevalence of congestive heart failure in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) worldwide is increasing continuously. However, risks and incidence of hospital readmission due to congestive heart failure in T2DM are no conclusion. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate risks of hospital due to congestive heart failure in T2DM patients.
Methods: A matched case-control study was conducted to discover risks of hospitalization because of congestive heart failure (CHF) in T2DM patients at Vajira Hospital. Clinical and laboratory data from medical record of diabetic patients hospitalized due to CHF, defined as a case, from 1st January, 2560 BE to 31st December, 2561 BE and T2DM patients who had no history of CHF which age and sex matched, defined as a control, were retrieved from hospital database. Univariate and multivariate analysis controlling for confounders were conducted to identify risk factors for hospitalization from CHF.
Results: Among the 180 subjects the average age was 68.38 years and 50% was female. Ninety subjects who had heart failure were recruited as cases (50%) and others 90 subjects without heart failure were in control group. All of the cases were diagnosed congestive heart failure by Framingham criteria. Most of cases had heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (51.9%) and 22.2% were readmission due to heart failure. Risk factors for congestive heart failure in T2DM subjects were Body Mass Index (BMI) (OR = 1.18, 95%CI = 1.03-1.36, p-value = 0.02) but protective factor is statin (OR=0.03, 95%CI = 0.000 -0.71, p-value = 0.03)
Conclusions: The risk of hospitalization for heart failure patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus is BMI and protective factor is statin. There was 22.2% of the subjects readmitted due to CHF and smoking is a risk factor for the readmission.
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References
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