A Comparative Study between Modified Kakita Pancreaticojejunostomy and Conventional Reconstruction after Pancreaticoduodenectomy: A Retrospective Review
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Abstract
Background: Advances in surgical techniques and appropriate perioperative management has decreased the mortality rate of pancreaticoduodenectomy less than 5 percent. However, postoperative pancreatic fistula is the most serious and life-threatening condition with the incidence rate at 27% for conventional reconstruction. A newly modified technique in Japan Kakita pancreaticojejunostomy has been reported that it reduces postoperative pancreatic fistula; however there were only few reports of this technique outside Japan. This study aimed to compare rate of pancreatic leakage between the new technique and conventional pancreaticojejunostomy after pancreaticoduodenectomy in Thai patients.
Methods: Data of 25 consecutive patients with periampullary cancer and benign conditions (e.g. chronic pancreatitis) who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy at Vajira hospital from 2005 to 2015 were reviewed. Postoperative results of fifteen patients who underwent conventional pancreaticojejunostomy (group A) were compared with ten patients who underwent modified Kakita pancreaticojejunostomy (group B). The primary outcome measure was the rate of postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) and secondary outcomes included; operative data, postoperative morbidity, mortality and evaluation of the risk factors of pancreatic leakage.
Results: There were no differences in clinicopathological characteristics and postoperative morbidity between two groups. Overall, the leakage rate was 32% (8/25). The pancreatic leakage in group A was 50 % (5/10) while the leakage rate in group B was 20% (3/15), p=0.194. Duration of hospital stay in group A was 39 days (17-66 days) and in group B was 28 days (21.5-46.5 days); p = 0.824. All of the complications could be managed by conservative measures. Intraoperative blood loss was a risk factor for leakage (1500 ml vs. 750 ml, p = 0.038). The leakage caused delayed gastric emptying (3 vs. 0, p = 0.24) and prolonged hospital stay (72.5 days vs. 25.5 days, p< 0.0001).
Conclusion : This retrospective single-center study showed that duct-to-mucosa anastomosis by modified Kakita technique was a safe procedure.
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References
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