Prevalence of Early Hearing Detection and Intervention Newborn in Vajira Hospital
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Abstract
Objectives: first objectives were to determine the prevalence of early hearing detection and intervention newborn in Vajira hospital. Secondary objectives were to study correlation of risk factors for hearing loss in newborn and to study the process of early hearing detection and intervention in Vajira hospital.
Methods: A Prospective descriptive cross-sectional study, data collected from newborns in Vajira hospital between August 2018 to July 2019. Newborns were screened with TEOAE at wards and the results were documented in medical records. The newborns who failed (“refer”) the first screening test were asked to return for repeat screening by audiologists to confirm pathological results. The total results were documented in medical records. A detailed case history, the high risk factors based on JCIH 2007, hearing screening and intervention process were obtained.
Results: Among 1,979 live births between August 2018 to July 2019, 1,946 newborns were screened with TEOAE before 1 month old and before discharge from hospital. Prevalence of early hearing screening (before 1 month old) was 1,932 newborns (97.6%). The total hearing screening referral rate was 280 newborns (14.4%). A total of newborns who failed (“refer”) the first screening test underwent complete diagnostic hearing assessment within 3 months old was 192 newborns (68.6%). Before 3 months old, 5 newborns were diagnosed with hearing loss. After being diagnosed hearing loss, they obtained an appointment to follow-up the hearing and development before 6 months old. This study did not find the hearing loss newborns who received the hearing aids or cochlear implant. We found that the overall hearing loss newborns were admitted in NICU more than 5 days and received ototoxic medications. The other risk factor was craniofacial anomalies.
Conclusions: The prevalence of early hearing detection (before 1 month old) was 97.6%. The overall prevalence of hearing loss in newborn in Vajira hospital was found to be 2.5 per 1,000 live births. This study found that total newborns who diagnosed with hearing loss were high risk group base on JCIH 2007. The prevalence of hearing intervention after diagnosis was 0%. When the results of the study were compared with indicators of JCIH 2007 and recommendation of Thailand, the efficacy of the early hearing detection and intervention newborn in Vajira hospital could almost reached all indicators. Some indicators were inferior to JCIH indicators due to many underlying factors causing the results of this study to be lower than the fact.
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