THE EFFECTS OF A SELF-EFFICACY APPLICATION PROGRAM ON DENTAL HEALTH CARE AMONG OLDER ADULTS FOR INCREASING MOISTURE OF ORAL CAVITY AT WANGCHIN DISTRICT ELDERLY CLUB, WANGCHIN DISTRICT, PHRAE PROVINCE
Keywords:
oral exercise, salivary flow rate, self-efficacy, gingival index, elder.Abstract
This study is Quasi-experimental research aimed at investigating the effects of an oral muscle management program based on the theory of Self-efficacy among elderly club members in Wang Chin sub-district, Wang Chin district, Phrae province. The sample group consisted of 62 individuals selected through multistage sampling, divided into an experimental group (31 individuals) and a control group (31 individuals). Participants in the experimental group received a 6-week program whereas the control group received a standard program aimed at enhancing their Self-efficacy. Data collection, conducted through semi-structured interviews, focused on: 1) self-efficacy, 2) expectations of outcomes from practice, 3) oral health behaviors, 4) oral muscle strength test, and oral health examination comprising gingival inflammation index (GI) and stimulated and unstimulated saliva flow rate using the spitting method. Statistical analysis included paired t-tests and independent t-tests with a significance level set at 0.05.
Results indicated that when completed program, the experimental group showed statistically significant improvements in self-efficacy, expectations of outcomes from practice, oral health behaviors, unstimulated and stimulated saliva flow rates, and oral muscle function compared to their pre-program scores. These improvements were also significantly higher compared to the control group. Although no significant differences were found in the gingival index (GI), the study concluded that regular promotion of oral muscle management contributes to better oral conditions and improved quality of life.
References
Petersen PE. The world oral health report 2022. Geneva Switzerland: Publications of the World Health Organization; 2022.
United Nations. (2020). New York: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division; 2020. Retrieved July 25, 2020, from https://www.un.org/en/development/desa/populartion/publications/pdf/ageing/World PopulationAgeing2019-10KeyMessages.pdf.
Prompak C. Turning to aging society of Thailand. Academic office. The secretariat of the senate. 2013. (in Thai).
Department of Older Persons . (2566). Aging society statistics as of 31 December 2023 DashBoard by Looker Studio. Retrieved July 25, from https://www.dop.go.th/th/know/si
de/1/1/1767. (in Thai).
Bureau of Dental Health, Department of Health. (2015). Oral Health Tips for Elderly. Bangkok: Veterans Administration Organization. (in Thai).
Miranda-Rius J, Brunet-Llobet L, Lahor-Soler E, Farre M. Salivary secretory disorders, inducing drugs and clinical management. Int J Med Sci 2015;12(8):11-24.
Bureau of Dental Health, Department of Health. (2015). Oral Health Tips for Elderly. Bangkok: Veterans Administration Organization. (in Thai).
Sathaka T. The efficacy of oral moisturizing jelly in alleviating symptoms of xerostomia in psychiatric patients. Journal of Mental Health of Thailand. 2008;26(2):129-141.(in Thai)
Katekaew Seangpraw. (2019). Health education and behavioral sciences. Bangkok: Chulalongkorn University.
Department of Elderly Affairs . (2022). Statistics of the elderly as of 31 December 2022. DashBoard by Looker Studio. Retrieved 12 Jan. 2023, from https://www.dop.go.th/th/know/ side/1/1/1767
Faul, F., Erdfelder, E., Buchner, A. et al. Statistical power analyses using G*Power 3.1: Tests for correlation and regression analyses. Behavior Research Methods 41, 1149–1160 (2009). https://doi.org/10.3758/BRM.41.4.1149
Nammontri, O., Srihanat , S., Duangsri, H. ., & Bhudkote, J. (2021). Effects of a dental health promotion program applying self-efficacy theory on the exercise for strengthening oral cavity of the elderly. JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCE RESEARCH, 15(2), 112–123. Retrieved from https://he01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/JHR/article/view/248091
Grove, S.K., Burns, N. and Gray, J.R. (2017) The Practice of Nursing Research—Appraisal, Synthesis, and Generation of Evidence. 8th Edition, Elsevier Saunders, St. Louis.
The LION foundation of dental health. Oral muscle exercise “Kenkobi”. LION Thailand
CO.,Ltd. 2016.(in Thai).
Pliny Dechsomboonrat and Phakaporn Phisanturakij. (2021). Epidemiology and oral disease indices (Oral Epidemiology and oral indices) (2), Faculty of Dentistry. Chulalongkorn University, from http://161.200.36.106/km/km_community_lesson_detail.php?id=89
Navazesh M (1993). Methods for collecting saliva. Ann NY Acad Sci 20:72-77
Paisit Phirokas and Orawan Keeratisiroj. (2019). Effects of the self-efficacy application program on dental health care behavior of the elderly. In the Elderly Club, Laplae District, Uttaradit Province. Journal of Health Education;42(2):110-122.
Ibayashi H, Fujino Y, Pham TM, Matsuda S. Intervention study of exercise program for oral function in healthy elderly people. Tohoku J Exp Med. 2008 Jul;215(3):237-45. doi: 10.1620/tjem.215.237. PMID: 18648184.
Raj BT, Sreelekha B, Manjula A. Effectiveness of oral exercise on oral function among the elderly. J Family Med Prim Care. 2020 Apr 30;9(4):1896-1903. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_899_19. PMID: 32670937; PMCID: PMC7346909.
Sugiyama, Tetsuya & Ohkubo, Mai & Honda, Yasutoshi & Tasaka, Akinori & Nagasawa, Keiko & Ishida, Ryo & Sakurai, Kaoru. (2013). Effect of Swallowing Exercises in Independent Elderly. The Bulletin of Tokyo Dental College. 54. 109-15. 10.2209/tdcpublication.54.109.
Motoko Ishikawa, Sachi Ishikawa, Hitoshi Kamata, Yoshiaki Akihiro, Umenoi
Hamada, Yoshikazu Yonei. (2010). Efficacy of a Health Promotion Program with Facial Mimetic Muscle Training in Residents of a Medical Care Facility for the Elderly. ANTI-AGING MEDICINE, 2010, Volume 7, Issue 1
Weerapong, P., Hume, P.A. & Kolt, G.S. The Mechanisms of Massage and Effects on Performance, Muscle Recovery and Injury Prevention. Sports Med 35, 235–256 (2005). https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-200535030-00004
