Factors associated with the risk of dementia in the elderly In Hang Dong Subdistrict Municipality, Hang Dong District, Chiang Mai Province
Keywords:
Mild Cognitive impairment (MCI), Dementia, Older AdultsAbstract
Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) is a condition characterized by a decline in cognitive function, particularly memory, while the ability to perform daily activities remains intact. However, individuals with MCI are at a higher risk of progressing to dementia in the future. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of MCI and its associated risk factors among older adults in Hang Dong Municipality, Hang Dong District, Chiang Mai Province. A cross-sectional survey was conducted involving 295 older adults aged 60 years and above, selected through purposive sampling. The research instruments included a personal information interview form and the Thai version of the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE-Thai 2002). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression with a significance level set at 0.05.
The results revealed that the average age of the participants was 67.70 years, and the prevalence of MCI was 10.2%. Significant factors associated with MCI included increasing age. In particular, those aged 75–79 years had the highest risk, while those aged 70–74 years and 80 years and above also showed elevated risks compared to the 60–64 years group. Additionally, participants with hypertension and those with a body mass index (BMI) greater than 25, classified as obese, had a higher likelihood of developing MCI. Conversely, participants who expressed concerns about their future showed a 70% lower risk of developing MCI compared to those without such concerns. The study suggests that regular screening for MCI should be implemented among high-risk groups, particularly those aged over 70 years, individuals with hypertension, and those who are overweight. Furthermore, promoting continuous health care, such as weight management, hypertension control, and engagement in activities that enhance awareness and future orientation, may help reduce the risk of developing dementia in the long term.
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