Efficacy of Music Therapy to Reduce Pain and Anxiety of Patients during Spinal Anesthesia: a Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial
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Abstract
Introduction: Spinal anesthesia is a highly effective for many surgeries. However, the procedure itself causes pain, anxiety and dissatisfaction to the patients. Music has been used to relieve pain and anxiety to patients having various types of operations but it has been lacked of evidence of its benefits during receiving spinal anesthesia. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of music during spinal anesthesia on pain, anxiety and patient’s satisfaction. Methods: This prospective randomized, double-blinded, controlled trial was conducted from 5 September 2024 to 20th November 2024. Participant aged ≥18 years were randomly allocated to receive either music through in-ear headphones with noise cancelling technology onnected to MP-3 player or no music by wearing the headphones in silent mode during undergoing spinal anesthesia. Spinal anesthesia was performed by an anesthesiologist without local anesthetic infiltration before spinal needle insertion then two assessment forms for pain and anxiety levels were completed by the patient and the anesthesiologist immediately following the procedure. Outcomes were assessed by rating visual analog scale regarding pain, anxiety, satisfaction and anesthesiologist’s perception of the difficulty. Results: The study included 60 participants. Baseline characteristics did not differ between the groups. Overall pain scores were similar in both groups. Nevertheless, patient’s anxiety levels were lower and satisfaction scores were higher in the music group with statistically significant difference. The difficulty score of the procedure by the anesthesiologist shows no significant between the groups. Conclusion: Patients who listened to music during undergoing spinal anesthesia reported lower anxiety and greater satisfaction. However, there were no differences in pain and physician-perceived procedure difficulty scores between the two groups.
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