Attitudes, Subjective Norms, Perceived Behavioral Control, And Intention towards Breastfeeding Among Bangladeshi Primiparous Pregnant Women
Keywords:
Breastfeeding, Intention, Bangladesh, Primiparous pregnant womenAbstract
Breastfeeding is a recognized by the World Health Organization as providing high nutritional values for child growth while helping the development of a child’s immune system. The aim of this descriptive correlational research was to study attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and intention towards breastfeeding among primiparous pregnant women in Bangladesh. The sample consisted of 120 primiparous pregnant women who visited the ante natal unit at the Comilla Medical College Hospital, Bangladesh, from April 2015 to May 2015. The research instrument was a questionnaire which investigated attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and intention towards breastfeeding. The overall reliability of the questionnaire, using the Cronbach’s alpha coefficient, was .79. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The results revealed that:
- 1. 54.17% of the sample showed positive attitudes towards breastfeeding and higher than the mean score.
- 2. 81.7% reported that persons about whose opinion they cared was their hospital nurse. More than half of the sample (52.50%) reported that their doctor and half of the sample (50%) indicated the baby’s father were influential in their intention to breastfeed.
- 3. Seventy-nine point one seven percent of the sample showed high levels of perceived behavior control.
- 4. The whole sample (100%) demonstrated an intention to breastfeed.
- 5. Relationship between attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control; and intention towards breastfeeding could not be analyzed seen the whole sample indicated an intention to breastfeed.
The findings of this study provide preliminary data suggesting that all samples of primiparous Bangladeshi pregnant women have an intention to breastfeed. Further study is recommended to examine whether there is a correlation between breastfeeding intention and practice.
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Polit, D. F., & Hungler, B. P. (1999). Nursing research: Principles and methods (6th ed). Philadelphia: Lippincott.
Sperber, A. D. (2004). Translation and validation of study instruments for cross- cultural research.American Gastroenterology Association, 126(Suppl. 1), s124-s128.doi:10.1053/j. gastro.2003.10.016.
Szwajcer, E. M., Hiddink, G. J., Koelen, M. A., & van Woerkum, C. M. J. (2005). Nutrition-related information-seeking behaviors before and throughout the course of pregnancy: Consequences for nutrition communication. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 59(1), S57-S65. doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602175
Teklehaymanot, A. N., Hailu, A. G., & Wossen, B. A. (2013).Intention of exclusive breast
feeding among pregnant women using theory of planed behavior in Medebay Zana district, Tigray Region, north Ethiopia. Public Health Research, 3 (6), 126-168.
Thomas, J. S., Yu, E. A., Tirmizi, N., Owais, A., Das, S. K., Rahman, & S. . . . Stein, A. D.
(2015). Maternal knowledge, attitudes and self-efficacy in relation to intention to exclusively breastfeed among pregnant women in rural Bangladesh.Journal of Maternal Child Health, 19(1), 49-57. doi:10.1007/s 0995-014,1494-z
Walingo, M. K., & Mutuli, L. A. (2014). Influence of maternal beliefs, attitude, and perceived behavior on breast- feeding among post-partum mothers in Western Kenya. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, 13 (5), 250- 254.
Wang, W., Lau, Y., Chow, A., & Chan, K. S. (2013). Breastfeeding intention, initiation and duration among Hong Kong Chinese women: A prospective longitudinal study. Midwifery, 30(6), 678-687. doi:10.1016/j.midw.2013.07.015
World Health Organization.(2014). Exclusive breastfeeding. Retrieved from http://www.who.int/nutrition/ topics/ exclusive breastfeeding/en/
Alwelaie, Y. A., Alsuhaibani, E. A., Al-Harthy, A. M., Radwan, R. H., Al-Mohammady, R. G., & Almutairi, A. M. (2010). Breastfeeding knowledge and attitude among Saudi women in central Saudi Arabia.Saudi Medical Journal, 31(2), 193-198.
Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative, & United Nation Children Emergency Fund. (2014). Baby friendly Hospital initiative (BFHI) is a UNICEF initiative to promote, protect and support breastfeeding. Retrieved from http://www.babyfriendly.org.hk/ en/why-breastfeed/ benefits-of-breastfeeding
Bonyata, K. (2011). Partial weaning & combination feeding.Retrieved from
http://kellymom. com/ages/weaning/wean-how/weaning-partial/
Chertok, I. R., Luo, J., Culp, S., & Mullett, M. (2011). Intent to breastfeed: A population-based perspective. Breastfeeding Medicine, 6(3), 125-129. doi:10.1089/bfm.2010.0013
Donath, S., & Amir, L. H. (2000). Rates of breastfeeding in Australia by stat and socio economic status: Evidence from the 1996 national health survey. Journal of Pediatric Child Health,
36, 164-168.
Dorea, J. G. (2012). Policy statements on breastfeeding and human milk: Additional comments.
Journal of the American academy of pediatrics, 130 (2), 1-5.doi:10.1542/ peds. 2012- 1647D.
Haider, R., Ashworth, A., Kabir, I., & Huttly, S. R. A. (2000). Effect of community based peer
counselors on exclusive breastfeeding practices in Dhaka, Bangladesh: A randomized controlled trial. Lancet, 356(9242), 1643-1647.
Janke, J. R. (1994). Development of the breastfeeding attrition prediction tool.Journal of Nursing Research, 43(2), 101-104.
Janke, J. R. (2008). Breastfeeding attrition prediction tool.School of nursing and health sciences. University of Alaska Anchorage
Joshi, A., Amadi, C., Meza, J., Aguirre, T., & Wilhelm, S. (2015). Comparison of socio-
demographic characteristics of a computer based breastfeeding educational intervention among rural hispanic women. Journal of Community Health, 40(5), 993-1001.doi:10.1007/s10900-015- 0023-3
Kafulafula, U. K., Hutchinson, M. K., Gennaro, S., Guttmacher, S., & Kumitawa, A. (2013).
Exclusive breastfeeding prenatal intentions among HIV-positive mothers in Blantyre, Malawi: A correlation study. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 13, 203-215. doi:10.1186/1471-2393-13-203
Khoury, A. J., Moazzem, S. W., Jarjoura, C., Carothers, C., & Hinton, A. (2005). Breastfeeding
initiation in low-income women: Role of attitudes, support, and perceived control. Women’s Health Issues, 15(2), 64-72. doi:11016/j.whi.2004.09.003
Kramer, M. S., & Kakuma, R. (2002).The optimal duration of exclusive breastfeeding a systematic review.1, 1- 52.Retrieved from
http://www. who.int/nutrition/publications/optimal duration_
Lauer, J. A., Betrán, A. P., Victora, C. G., de Onís, M., & Barros, A. J. D. (2004). Breastfeeding patterns and exposure suboptimal breastfeeding among children in developing countries: Review and analysis of national representative surveys. BMC Medicine, 2, 26-54. doi:10.1186/1741-7015/2/26
Lawrence, R. M., & Lawrence, R. A. (2011). Breastfeeding: more than just good nutrition.
Pediatrics in Review, 32(7), 267-280. doi:10.1542/pir.32-7-267
McLeod, S. (2009).Attitudes and behavior. Retrieved from http://www.simplypsychology.org/ attitudes.html
Mihrshahi, S., Lchikawa, N., Shuaib, M., Oddy, W., Ampon, R., Dibley, & M. J. . . . Peat, J. K. (2007). Prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding in Bangladesh and its association with diarrhea and acute respiratory infection: Results of the multiple indicator cluster survey 2003. Journal
of Health Population and Nutrition, 25(2), 195-204.
Newby, R., Brodribb, W., Ware, R. S., & Davies, P. S. W. (2014). Infant feeding knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs predict antenatal intention among first-time mothers in Queensland. Breastfeeding Medicine, 9(5), 266-272. doi:10.1089/bfm.2014.0012
Pandey, D., Sardana, P., Saxena, A., Dogra, L., Coondoo, A., & Kamath, A. (2015). Awareness and attitude towards breastfeeding among two generations of Indian women: a comparative study. PLoS One, 10(5), e0126575. doi:10.1371/journalpone.0126575
Persad, M. D., & Mensinger, J. L. (2008). Maternal breastfeeding attitudes: Association with breastfeeding intent and socio-demographics among urban primiparas. Journal of Community Health, 33(2), 53-60. doi:10.1007/s10900-007-9068-2
Polit, D. F., & Hungler, B. P. (1999). Nursing research: Principles and methods (6th ed). Philadelphia: Lippincott.
Sperber, A. D. (2004). Translation and validation of study instruments for cross- cultural research.American Gastroenterology Association, 126(Suppl. 1), s124-s128.doi:10.1053/j. gastro.2003.10.016.
Szwajcer, E. M., Hiddink, G. J., Koelen, M. A., & van Woerkum, C. M. J. (2005). Nutrition-related information-seeking behaviors before and throughout the course of pregnancy: Consequences for nutrition communication. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 59(1), S57-S65. doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602175
Teklehaymanot, A. N., Hailu, A. G., & Wossen, B. A. (2013).Intention of exclusive breast
feeding among pregnant women using theory of planed behavior in Medebay Zana district, Tigray Region, north Ethiopia. Public Health Research, 3 (6), 126-168.
Thomas, J. S., Yu, E. A., Tirmizi, N., Owais, A., Das, S. K., Rahman, & S. . . . Stein, A. D.
(2015). Maternal knowledge, attitudes and self-efficacy in relation to intention to exclusively breastfeed among pregnant women in rural Bangladesh.Journal of Maternal Child Health, 19(1), 49-57. doi:10.1007/s 0995-014,1494-z
Walingo, M. K., & Mutuli, L. A. (2014). Influence of maternal beliefs, attitude, and perceived behavior on breast- feeding among post-partum mothers in Western Kenya. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, 13 (5), 250- 254.
Wang, W., Lau, Y., Chow, A., & Chan, K. S. (2013). Breastfeeding intention, initiation and duration among Hong Kong Chinese women: A prospective longitudinal study. Midwifery, 30(6), 678-687. doi:10.1016/j.midw.2013.07.015
World Health Organization.(2014). Exclusive breastfeeding. Retrieved from http://www.who.int/nutrition/ topics/ exclusive breastfeeding/en/
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Published
2018-03-31
How to Cite
บีกัม โ. เ., จินตะเวช อ., & ศรีภูษณาพรรณ อ. (2018). Attitudes, Subjective Norms, Perceived Behavioral Control, And Intention towards Breastfeeding Among Bangladeshi Primiparous Pregnant Women. Nursing Journal CMU, 45(1), 122–132. Retrieved from https://he02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/cmunursing/article/view/136210
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