Factors Predicting Care Behaviors of Caregivers to Preventing Respiratory Tract Infection in Children with Congenital Heart Disease
Keywords:
Care Behaviors, Preventing Respiratory tract Infection, Children with Congenital Heart Disease, Predicting FactorsAbstract
Proper caregiver behaviors can prevent respiratory infection in children with congenital heart disease and help reduce disease complications ensuring surgery goes as planned. This predictive correlational research aimed to study 1) care behaviors of caregivers in preventing respiratory tract infections in children with congenital heart disease, and 2) predictability of knowledge, perceived severity of the disease, perceived barriers, and perceived self-efficacy toward care behaviors of caregivers to prevent respiratory tract infection. The samples included 135 caregivers of children with congenital heart disease aged 1 month to 5 years old. They were diagnosed with increased pulmonary blood flow type and had no surgery and came for follow-up visits from January to March 2016 at the outpatient departments of One Heart Center, and University Hospital in the Northeastern Thailand. Research instruments consisted of 1) a questionnaire on the care behaviors of caregivers in preventing respiratory tract infection in children with congenital heart disease, 2) a knowledge assessment test questionnaire, 3) a self-efficacy questionnaire regarding preventive care behaviors to prevent respiratory tract infection in children with congenital heart disease of caregivers developed by Soiphet and Jintrawet (2014), 4) Perceived Severity of Disease Questionnaire, and 5) Perceived Barriers Questionnaire Regarding Preventive Care Behaviors to Prevent Respiratory Tract Infection in Children with Congenital Heart Disease of Caregivers, which was developed by the researcher from the literature review. The content validity of the last two questionnaires were.85 and .81, respectively. The reliability of the all questionnaires was .92 .83 .82 .81 and .96, respectively. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and stepwise multiple regression.
The results revealed that:
- 1. Caregivers demonstrated care behaviors to prevent respiratory tract infections in children with congenital heart disease at a high level (`X = 81.23, S.D.= 8.81 ).
- 2. Knowledge, perceived severity of the disease, and perceived self-efficacy were statistically significant and described predictability was at 17.90% of caregiver behaviors to prevent respiratory tract infection in children with congenital heart disease (R2 = .179, p < .05). It was found that perceived self-efficacy was the best predictor of care behaviors to prevent respiratory infection (b =.234, p< .05), followed by knowledge, and perceived severity (b=.196, p< .05; b =.185, p< .05) respectively.
The results of this study provides information about care behaviors of caregivers to prevent respiratory tract infection in children with congenital heart disease, and serves as a guide to develop programs to promote caregivers’ perceived self-efficacy, knowledge, and perceived severity of the disease.
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