Factors Related to Practices of Village Health Volunteers in Preventing Pulmonary Tuberculosis Transmission in Community
Keywords:
Factors, The practice of village health volunteers, Preventing pulmonary tuberculosis transmission in communityAbstract
The incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in the community is increasing. Village Health Volunteers (VHVs) play an important role in caring for population’s health and preventing pulmonary tuberculosis transmission in the community. This correlational descriptive research aimed to study: 1) practices of VHVs in preventing pulmonary tuberculosis transmission in community; 2) factors related to the practice of VHVs; and 3) the correlation of factors related to their practices and the practice of VHVs in preventing pulmonary tuberculosis transmission in the community. Four hundred and one VHVs living in Chiang Mai were selected by a purposive sampling for Fang district and a simple random sampling for subdistrict and sample in this study. Data were collected during February to April 2017. The research instruments were questionnaires on personal data, knowledge in preventing pulmonary tuberculosis transmission, attitude towards pulmonary tuberculosis, obstacles in preventing pulmonary tuberculosis transmission, and support needs in preventing pulmonary tuberculosis transmission. The questionnaires were developed by the researcher. The content validity of the questionnaires were tested and approved by five experts. The content validity index was between .89 and 1.00 and reliability values were between .70 and .98. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient.
The research findings revealed that:
1) the practice of VHVs in preventing pulmonary tuberculosis transmission in the community was at a moderate level; 2) factors related to the practice of VHVs that were knowledge in preventing pulmonary tuberculosis transmission, attitude towards pulmonary tuberculosis, obstacles in preventing pulmonary tuberculosis transmission were at a moderate level while the support needs in preventing pulmonary tuberculosis transmission were at a high level; and 3) the correlation of factors related to their practices in preventing pulmonary tuberculosis transmission in the community found that knowledge in preventing pulmonary tuberculosis transmission, attitude towards pulmonary tuberculosis, and support needs in preventing pulmonary tuberculosis transmission were positively correlated to VHVs’ practices at the .01 level (r =.195, r =.132, and r =.227, respectively). However, obstacles in preventing pulmonary tuberculosis transmission was negatively correlated to VHVs’ practices but was not statistically significant.
The research findings indicate that knowledge, attitudes, and support needs influence VHVs’ practices in preventing pulmonary tuberculosis transmission in the community. Therefore, public health officers must pay more attention to ongoing capacity building for VHVs to ensure effective practices in preventing pulmonary tuberculosis transmission in the community.
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