Health Literacy and Exercise Behaviors Among Pregnant Women
Keywords:
exercise behaviors, pregnant women, health literacyAbstract
Exercise behavior during pregnancy has benefits for both pregnant women and the fetus. This correlation descriptive research aimed to investigate the relationships between health literacy and exercise behavior among pregnant women. The purposive sample include 85 normal pregnant and primigravida women, age of 20 or more, who had attended the antenatal clinic at Petchabun Hospital, Petchabun province from October to November 2018. The research instruments used in this study were: Health Literacy Questionnaire developed by the researcher using framework of Nutbeam (2008), and The Exercise Behavior of Pregnant Women Questionnaire developed by Suvisa Parnkasem (2012). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Pearson’s correlation coefficient.
The results showed that health literacy of the sample were at a high level ( =133.36, S.D.=10.69) and exercise behavior was at a moderate level ( =25.69, S.D.=4.62). Health literacy had a positively statistically significant correlated with exercise behavior at a high level (r = .557, p<.01).
The results of this study can be used as the basic data in promoting exercise behaviors of pregnant women by promoting health literacy.
References
American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. (2015). Physical activity and exercise during pregnancy and the postpartum period. Committee Opinion No. 650. Obstetric & Gynecology, 126(6), 135-142.
American College of Sports Medicine [ACSM]. (2014). American College of Sports Medicine’s guidelines for exercise testing and prescription (9th ed.). Baltimore: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Berkman, N. D., Sheridan, S. L., Donahue, K. E., Halpern, D. J., & Crotty, K. (2011). Low health literacy and health outcomes: An updated systematic review. Annals of Internal Medicine, 155(2), 97-107. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-155-2-201107190-00005
Boscaglia, N., Skouteris, H., & Wertheim, E. H. (2003). Changes in body image satisfaction during pregnancy: A comparison of high exercising and low exercising women. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 43(1), 41-45.
Brayshaw, E. (2004). Physical preparation before childbirth. In C. Handerson, & S. Macdonald (Eds.), Mayes’ midwifery: A textbook for midwives (13rded., pp. 383-397). Edinburgh: Bailliere Tindall.
Clapp III, J. F. (2005). Exercise-risk and benefits. In J. T. Queenan, J. C. Hobbins, & C. Y. Spong (Eds.), Protocols for high-risk pregnancies (4th ed., pp. 45-53). Willey: Blackwell Publishing.
Clapp III, J. F., Kim, H., Burciu, B., & Lopez, B. (2000). Beginning regular exercise in early pregnancy: Effect on fetoplacental growth. American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology, 183(6), 1484-1488. doi: 10.1067/mob.2000.107096
Cunningham, F. G., Leveno, K. J., Bloom, S. L., Spong, C. Y., Dashe, J. S., Hoffman, B. L., … & Sheffield, J. S. (2014). Williams obstetrics (24thed.). New York: Mcgraw-hill.
Domingues, M. R., & Barros, A. J. D. (2007). Leisure-time physical activity during pregnancy in the pelotas birth cohort study. Revista De Saude Publica, 41(2), 173-180.
Downs, D. S., & Hausenblas, H. A. (2004). Women’s exercise beliefs and behaviors during their pregnancy and postpartum. Journal of Midwifery & Women's Health, 49(2), 138-144. doi: 10.1016/j.jmwh. 2003.11.009
Evenson, K. R., & Wen, F. (2010). National trends in self-reported physical activity and sedentary behaviors among pregnant women: NHANES 1999–2006. Preventive Medicine, 50(3), 123-128. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2009.12.015
Evenson, K. R., Savitz, A., & Huston, S. L. (2004). Leisure‐time physical activity among pregnant women in the US. Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology, 18(6), 400-407. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3016. 2004.00595.x
Ferraro, Z. M., Gaudet, L., & Adamo, K. B. (2012). The potential impact of physical activity during pregnancy on maternal and neonatal outcomes. Obstetrical and Gynecological Survey, 67(2), 99-110. doi: 10.1097/OGX.0b013e318242030e
Hinton, P. S., & Olson, C. M. (2001). Predictors of pregnancy-associated change in physical activity in a rural white population. Maternal and Child Health Journal, 5(1), 7-14.
Klankhajhon, S. (2008). Selected factors predicting exercise behavior of pregnancy women. (Unpublished master’s thesis). Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Knapp, C., Madden, V., Wang, H., Sloyer, P., & Shenkman, E., (2011). Internet Use and eHealth Literacy of Low-Income Parents Whose Children Have Special Health Care Needs. Medical Internet Research 13 (3): e75.
Kunchai, S., Suputtithada, A., Li Thongin, S., Phinmuangngam, C., Lomlertkittikul, S.,
Tachachainirun, S., and et al. (2003). Exercise in pregnant women affecting maternal and infant health: research report for the fiscal year 2000-2002, Nontaburi: Ministry of Public Health. (In Thai)
Lof, M., & Forsum, E. (2006). Activity pattern and energy expenditure due to physical activity before and during pregnancy in healthy Swedish women. British Journal of Nutrition, 95(2), 296-302.
Magann, E. F., Evans, S. F., Weitz, B., & Newnham, J. (2002). Antepartum, intrapartum, and neonatal significant of exercise on healthy low-risk pregnant working women. Obstetrics and Gynecology. 99(3), 466-472.
Montaque, S. E., Watson, R., & Herbert, R. (2005). Physiology for nursing practice. (3rd ed.). Edinburgh: New York: Elserier.
Muzigaba, M., Kolbe-Alexander, T. L., & Wong, F. (2014). The perceived role and influencers of physical activity among pregnant women from low socioeconomic status communities in South Africa. Journal of Physical Activity and Health, 11(7), 1276-1283. doi: 10.1123/jpah.2012-0386
Nutbeam, D. (2008). The evolving concept of health literacy. Social Science & Medicine, 67(12), 2072-2078.
Parnkasem. S., (2012). Effect of a Self-efficacy Enhancement and Social Support Program on
Exercise Behavior Among Pregnant Women [Master of Nursing Science midwifery]. Chiang Mai: Faculty of Nursing, Chiang Mai University. (In Thai)
Peterson, A. M., Leet, T. L., & Brownson, R. C. (2005). Correlates of physical activity among pregnant women in the United States. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 37(10), 1748-1753.
Piravej, K., & Saksirinukul, R. (2001). Survey of patterns, attitudes, and the general effects of exercise during pregnancy in 203 Thai pregnant women at King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital. Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand, 84(1), 276-282.
Polit, D. F., & Beck, C. T. (2017). Nursing research: Generating and assessing evidence for nursing practice (10th ed.). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Power, S. K., & Howley, E. T. (2007). Exercise physiology: Theory and application to fitness and performance (6th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.
Price, B. B., Amini, S. B., & Kappeler, K. (2012). Exercise in pregnancy: Effect on fitness and obstetric outcomes-a randomized trial. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 44(12), 2263-2269. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0b013e318267ad67
Puttaraksa, S., Supavititpatana, B., & Kantaruksa. K., (2016). Attiudes, Subjective Norm,
Perceived Behavioral Control and Intention to Exercise Among Pregnant Women. Nursing Journal, 43(3), 24-32. (In Thai)
Riemann, M. K., & Kanstrup Hansen, I. L. (2000). Effects on the foetus of exercise in pregnancy. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 10(1), 12-19.
Saengthongrungcharoen, P., & Wattanakit. R., (2011). The relationship between perceived
benefits of health promotion and health promoting behaviors of pregnant women. Journal of Nursing and Health, 5(1), 21-27.
Suputtithada. A., (2003). Advice on exercise during pregnancy in Thai women, Nontaburi:
Division of Physical Activity &Health, Department of health, Ministry of Public Health. (In Thai)
Suramaitee. B., (2013). Individual study: Health Literacy and Situation of operation to
enhance the health literacy of Thai people in order to support the ASEAN community. Bangkok: Institute of Foreign Affairs. (In Thai).
Thornton, P. L., Kieffer, E. C., Salabarria-Pena, Y., Odoms-Young, A., Willis, S. K., Kim, H., & Salinas, M. A. (2006). Weight, diet, and physical activity-related beliefs and practices among pregnant and postpartum Latino women: The role of social support. Maternal and Child Health Journal, 10(1), 95-104. doi: 10.1007/s10995-005-0025-3
American College of Sports Medicine [ACSM]. (2014). American College of Sports Medicine’s guidelines for exercise testing and prescription (9th ed.). Baltimore: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Berkman, N. D., Sheridan, S. L., Donahue, K. E., Halpern, D. J., & Crotty, K. (2011). Low health literacy and health outcomes: An updated systematic review. Annals of Internal Medicine, 155(2), 97-107. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-155-2-201107190-00005
Boscaglia, N., Skouteris, H., & Wertheim, E. H. (2003). Changes in body image satisfaction during pregnancy: A comparison of high exercising and low exercising women. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 43(1), 41-45.
Brayshaw, E. (2004). Physical preparation before childbirth. In C. Handerson, & S. Macdonald (Eds.), Mayes’ midwifery: A textbook for midwives (13rded., pp. 383-397). Edinburgh: Bailliere Tindall.
Clapp III, J. F. (2005). Exercise-risk and benefits. In J. T. Queenan, J. C. Hobbins, & C. Y. Spong (Eds.), Protocols for high-risk pregnancies (4th ed., pp. 45-53). Willey: Blackwell Publishing.
Clapp III, J. F., Kim, H., Burciu, B., & Lopez, B. (2000). Beginning regular exercise in early pregnancy: Effect on fetoplacental growth. American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology, 183(6), 1484-1488. doi: 10.1067/mob.2000.107096
Cunningham, F. G., Leveno, K. J., Bloom, S. L., Spong, C. Y., Dashe, J. S., Hoffman, B. L., … & Sheffield, J. S. (2014). Williams obstetrics (24thed.). New York: Mcgraw-hill.
Domingues, M. R., & Barros, A. J. D. (2007). Leisure-time physical activity during pregnancy in the pelotas birth cohort study. Revista De Saude Publica, 41(2), 173-180.
Downs, D. S., & Hausenblas, H. A. (2004). Women’s exercise beliefs and behaviors during their pregnancy and postpartum. Journal of Midwifery & Women's Health, 49(2), 138-144. doi: 10.1016/j.jmwh. 2003.11.009
Evenson, K. R., & Wen, F. (2010). National trends in self-reported physical activity and sedentary behaviors among pregnant women: NHANES 1999–2006. Preventive Medicine, 50(3), 123-128. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2009.12.015
Evenson, K. R., Savitz, A., & Huston, S. L. (2004). Leisure‐time physical activity among pregnant women in the US. Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology, 18(6), 400-407. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3016. 2004.00595.x
Ferraro, Z. M., Gaudet, L., & Adamo, K. B. (2012). The potential impact of physical activity during pregnancy on maternal and neonatal outcomes. Obstetrical and Gynecological Survey, 67(2), 99-110. doi: 10.1097/OGX.0b013e318242030e
Hinton, P. S., & Olson, C. M. (2001). Predictors of pregnancy-associated change in physical activity in a rural white population. Maternal and Child Health Journal, 5(1), 7-14.
Klankhajhon, S. (2008). Selected factors predicting exercise behavior of pregnancy women. (Unpublished master’s thesis). Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Knapp, C., Madden, V., Wang, H., Sloyer, P., & Shenkman, E., (2011). Internet Use and eHealth Literacy of Low-Income Parents Whose Children Have Special Health Care Needs. Medical Internet Research 13 (3): e75.
Kunchai, S., Suputtithada, A., Li Thongin, S., Phinmuangngam, C., Lomlertkittikul, S.,
Tachachainirun, S., and et al. (2003). Exercise in pregnant women affecting maternal and infant health: research report for the fiscal year 2000-2002, Nontaburi: Ministry of Public Health. (In Thai)
Lof, M., & Forsum, E. (2006). Activity pattern and energy expenditure due to physical activity before and during pregnancy in healthy Swedish women. British Journal of Nutrition, 95(2), 296-302.
Magann, E. F., Evans, S. F., Weitz, B., & Newnham, J. (2002). Antepartum, intrapartum, and neonatal significant of exercise on healthy low-risk pregnant working women. Obstetrics and Gynecology. 99(3), 466-472.
Montaque, S. E., Watson, R., & Herbert, R. (2005). Physiology for nursing practice. (3rd ed.). Edinburgh: New York: Elserier.
Muzigaba, M., Kolbe-Alexander, T. L., & Wong, F. (2014). The perceived role and influencers of physical activity among pregnant women from low socioeconomic status communities in South Africa. Journal of Physical Activity and Health, 11(7), 1276-1283. doi: 10.1123/jpah.2012-0386
Nutbeam, D. (2008). The evolving concept of health literacy. Social Science & Medicine, 67(12), 2072-2078.
Parnkasem. S., (2012). Effect of a Self-efficacy Enhancement and Social Support Program on
Exercise Behavior Among Pregnant Women [Master of Nursing Science midwifery]. Chiang Mai: Faculty of Nursing, Chiang Mai University. (In Thai)
Peterson, A. M., Leet, T. L., & Brownson, R. C. (2005). Correlates of physical activity among pregnant women in the United States. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 37(10), 1748-1753.
Piravej, K., & Saksirinukul, R. (2001). Survey of patterns, attitudes, and the general effects of exercise during pregnancy in 203 Thai pregnant women at King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital. Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand, 84(1), 276-282.
Polit, D. F., & Beck, C. T. (2017). Nursing research: Generating and assessing evidence for nursing practice (10th ed.). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Power, S. K., & Howley, E. T. (2007). Exercise physiology: Theory and application to fitness and performance (6th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.
Price, B. B., Amini, S. B., & Kappeler, K. (2012). Exercise in pregnancy: Effect on fitness and obstetric outcomes-a randomized trial. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 44(12), 2263-2269. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0b013e318267ad67
Puttaraksa, S., Supavititpatana, B., & Kantaruksa. K., (2016). Attiudes, Subjective Norm,
Perceived Behavioral Control and Intention to Exercise Among Pregnant Women. Nursing Journal, 43(3), 24-32. (In Thai)
Riemann, M. K., & Kanstrup Hansen, I. L. (2000). Effects on the foetus of exercise in pregnancy. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 10(1), 12-19.
Saengthongrungcharoen, P., & Wattanakit. R., (2011). The relationship between perceived
benefits of health promotion and health promoting behaviors of pregnant women. Journal of Nursing and Health, 5(1), 21-27.
Suputtithada. A., (2003). Advice on exercise during pregnancy in Thai women, Nontaburi:
Division of Physical Activity &Health, Department of health, Ministry of Public Health. (In Thai)
Suramaitee. B., (2013). Individual study: Health Literacy and Situation of operation to
enhance the health literacy of Thai people in order to support the ASEAN community. Bangkok: Institute of Foreign Affairs. (In Thai).
Thornton, P. L., Kieffer, E. C., Salabarria-Pena, Y., Odoms-Young, A., Willis, S. K., Kim, H., & Salinas, M. A. (2006). Weight, diet, and physical activity-related beliefs and practices among pregnant and postpartum Latino women: The role of social support. Maternal and Child Health Journal, 10(1), 95-104. doi: 10.1007/s10995-005-0025-3
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Published
2021-03-29
How to Cite
Khwanprom , R. ., Chareonsanti , J. . ., & Sriarporn , P. (2021). Health Literacy and Exercise Behaviors Among Pregnant Women. Nursing Journal CMU, 48(1), 210–221. Retrieved from https://he02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/cmunursing/article/view/250250
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