Effects of the Motivation Program on Dietary Behaviors and Blood Sugar Level Among Uncontrolled Diabetic Persons
Keywords:
Blood Sugar Level, Dietary Behaviors, Motivation Program, Uncontrolled Diabetic PersonsAbstract
This quasi-experimental research aims to compare the average dietary behavior scores and blood sugar levels between the experimental group before and after participation in a motivation program, and the control group that received normal hospital service. The sample group of 48 uncontrolled diabetic people is comprised of a control group and an experimental group of 24 people each. The tools consisted of an eight-week motivational program which aimed to prevent complications in uncontrolled diabetic people, and was developed from Roger’s concept of Protection Motivation theory (1986) which includes 4 steps: 1) promoting perceived severity of complications from diabetes; 2) promoting perceived risk of diabetes complications; 3) expectations for the positive effects of dietary behavior adjustment; and 4) expectations for their own ability to adjust dietary behavior, dietary guide, and blood sugar meter. Data were collected via three instruments: a demographic data questionnaire, a dietary behavior questionnaire (CVI = 0.96) and a blood sugar record (CVI = 1.00) with a reliability coefficient value of 0.81. The data was then analyzed using Wilcoxon for the dependent sample and the Mann Whitney U test for the independent sample. The results showed that after participating in the motivation program, the experimental group displayed significantly higher than average scores for dietary behaviors than before participating in the program (p = .001), and higher than those of the control group which received normal hospital services (p = .331). After the program was finished, there was also a significant reduction in the blood sugar levels of the experimental group compared with before their participation in the program (p = .005), and compared with that of the controlling group which received normal hospital services (p = .010). The outcome suggests that motivation programs can be recommended for motivational adjustment of the dietary behavior of uncontrolled diabetic people which could effectively lead to reduction in blood sugar levels.
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