Effect of Swaddled Bathing on Body Temperature of Preterm Infants
Keywords:
Preterm infant, Infant bathing, Swaddled bathing, Body temperatureAbstract
Daily bathing of preterm infants causes heat loss by means of convection, conduction, and evaporation, which can result in hypothermia. This study used a multiple time series design to study the effect of swaddled bathing on the body temperature of preterm infants. The sample consisted of 42 preterm infants at a post-gestational age of 34 to 36+6 weeks, hospitalized in the neonatal intensive care unit of a central hospital in the northern region. Samples were selected by means of purposive sampling. Samples were randomly assigned into an experimental and a control group, with 21 preterm infants per group. Research tools included a demographic data form and forms to record vital signs as well as the swaddled bathing clinical practice guidelines. Descriptive statistics, the Mann-Whitney U test, Fisher's exact test, an independent t-test, and one-way repeated measures ANOVA were used for data analysis.
The results revealed that the mean body temperature in preterm infants immediately after bathing, 10 minutes after bathing, and 20 minutes after bathing in the swaddle-bathed group was statistically significantly higher than in the conventionally bathed group (p < .05). The difference in the incidence of hypothermia between them was also not statistically significant (p > .05). The mean body temperatures of the swaddle-bathed group before bathing, immediately after bathing, and at 10, 20, and 30 minutes after bathing showed statistically significant differences (p < .05).
The findings of this study indicate that swaddled bathing can reduce heat loss in preterm infants more effectively than conventional bathing. Therefore, health care providers in neonatal intensive care units are able to apply swaddled bathing to reduce hypothermia during and after bathing preterm infants.
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