The Effect of a Tele-Nursing-Based Self-Management Program on Health Behavior of Persons with Uncontrolled Diabetes Mellitus in a Community
Keywords:
Tele-nursing, Self-management, Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, The communityAbstract
Self-management encourages people to adopt appropriate health behaviors. This quasi-experimental study aimed to compare health behavior averages, before and after receiving a program, and between groups of participants who received either a tele-nursing-based self-management program or normal care for 8 weeks. The sample group of 50 uncontrolled diabetic people from a community was divided into 2 groups, an experimental group and a control group, with 25 participants per group. This study took place in Nathom and Banpeang Districts, Nakonphanom Province. The research tools used included 1) the tele-nursing-based self-management program, developed from self-management theory by Kanfer and Garlick-Buys, and the tele-nursing protocol; 2) the official Line application including a handbook on self-management for diabetic persons available on the Google platform, a video for diabetic health promotion, and a health behavior record; and 3) a graphic info presentation for health behavior promotion in diabetic persons. The research tools used for data collection included a questionnaire on demographic data and a questionnaire on health behavior for diabetic persons, with a content validity index of .98 and reliability of .80, using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, paired t-test, and independent t-test.
The study results showed that the group who received the tele-nursing-based self-management program had significantly higher average health behavior scores (M = 134.04, SD = 10.70) than before receiving the program (M = 103.88, SD = 8.25) and higher than the control group who received normal care (M= 104.96, SD = 8.00) with statistical significance (p < 0.001).
The outcomes of this study showed that a tele-nursing-based self-management program is recommended for health behavior modification. In addition, it can be used by people with uncontrolled diabetes to encourage appropriate health behaviors.
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