Fibroblast activation protein inhibitor (FAPI) PET/CT and PET/MRI: novel tracer for molecular imaging in oncology
Keywords:
Fibroblast activation protein inhibitor, molecular imaging, oncology, PET/CT, PET/MRIAbstract
Fibroblast activation protein (FAP) is a type II membrane-bound glycoprotein that is overexpressed on cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs), which plays a major role in all stages of cancer cells, including carcinogenesis, tumor growth, and metastasis. FAP is not normally found in normal adult tissues. On the other hand, high expression of this glycoprotein is found in wound healing process, chronic inflammation, arthritis, fibrosis, carcinoma, and sarcoma. Radiopharmaceutical specific to FAP, fibroblast activating protein inhibitor (FAPI), was initiated and developed by labeled with the 68Ga isotope and imaging with PET/CT. From the previous study using FPI PET/CT in patients with various types of cancer, 68Ga-FAPI has a high sensitivity for detection of primary tumors and metastases, which could change the course of treatment and provide additional information from the 18F-FDG PET/CT. FAPI tracer is also being developed further for use in diagnosis and treatment (theranostic).
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