Incidence of extended spectrum beta-lactamase producing Escherichia coli isolated from a livestock farm in Sakon Nakhon Province
Keywords:
Antimicrobial resistance, Bacterial metabolites, extended spectrum beta-lactamase, Livestock farmAbstract
Background: Several countries, including Thailand, have reported the prevalence of beta-lactam resistance and/or the discovery of extended spectrum beta-lactamase genes of Escherichia coli in pets, domestic animals’ gastrointestinal tract and urinary tract, and animals consumed by humans. It is also concerning that the E. coli can transmit drug-resistant genes to humans through the food chain, which could result in a serious public health issue if antimicrobial therapies used in humans do not work. Objectives: The aims of this study were to isolate E. coli from a livestock farm in Sakon Nakhon Province, and beta-lactam antimicrobial susceptibilities and ESBL producing of the E. coli isolates were evaluated to provide basic information for the surveillance of antimicrobial resistance spread to humans through food chains. Methods: Escherichia coli isolates from 50 livestock farm samples located in Sakon Nakhon were isolated and phenotypically studied for their antimicrobial sensitivity profiles, extended spectrum beta-lactamase enzymes (ESBL) using a disc diffusion assay, and a combination disc method for confirmation. Results: Twenty-six E. coli isolates of fifty samples were isolated. Ten isolates were resistant to the antimicrobial agents tested, including cefotaxime, aztreonam, ceftazidime, and ceftazidime at 38.46%, 3.85%, 38.46%, and 11.54%, respectively. A combination disc test consisting of cefotaxime and cefotaxime-clavulanic acid, as well as ceftazidime and ceftazidime-clavulanic acid, was used to test all ten E. coli isolates for ESBL enzyme production. Finally, all ten isolates were capable of producing the ESBL enzyme. Conclusions: The findings of this study indicate that animal farms are reservoirs and potential reservoirs of E. coli capable of producing extended spectrum beta-lactamase enzyme, which means this information can be used to monitor the situation of antimicrobial resistance that may affect humans in the future through the food chain.
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