Development of Chitosan Patch Containing Herbal Extract from Traditional Thai Medicine Scripture

Abstract

Background: Herbal remedies with abscess-poultice properties are interesting to test for antibacterial activity and development in an easy-to-use form. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the chemical identity of the herbal remedy extract using Thin layer chromatography (TLC), tested for antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC25923 and developed a chitosan patch containing an herbal extract. Methods: The remedy extract was prepared from 4 species, namely, Terminalia bellirica (Gaertn.) Roxb., Strychnos lucida R. Br., Sapindus rarak DC and Gloriosa superba Linn. All crude drugs were extracted with 95% ethanol by maceration method and then examined the TLC chemical identity with the mobile phase system; Toluene : Ethyl acetate : Methanol : Formic acid : Acetic acid (15 : 15 : 1 : 4 : 1) and evaluated for antibacterial activity with inhibition zone, MIC, and MBC methods. Results: TLC chemical identity testing revealed that the extract had a band with an hR_f at 55, matching the hR_f of Gallic acid standard. The S. aureus antibacterial activity testing showed an inhibition zone of 7.74±0.20 millimeters, MIC and MBC of 12.5 and 25 milligrams per milliliter, respectively. The study developed the best patch formula based on the evaluation of its properties. The best formula consists of 1.25 grams of chitosan, 10 grams of sorbitol, and the extract is mixed twice the MBC value, resulting in a patch with acceptable properties. Conclusions: Gallic acid is the principal compound in the remedy extract, which has antibacterial properties against S. aureus. The extract can be utilized to develop patches for further medical use.