Association of metabolic syndrome, amount and components of metabolic risk with chronic kidney disease in persons with hypertension
Keywords:
chronic kidney disease, hypertension, metabolic syndromeAbstract
This research study examined the association of metabolic syndrome, metabolic risk amounts and components with chronic kidney disease (CKD) in patients with hypertension. Analytical correlational predictive research design was performed, using secondary data. The samples were 490 hypertensive patients attending four primary care centers in Nakhon Si Thammarat province. Metabolic syndrome was defined by using the American Heart Association/national Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (AHA/NHLBI) criteria. The KDIGO criteria was used to identify CKD stage 3 to 5. Data were analyzed using logistic regression, to determine odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (95%CI).
The results revealed that the prevalence of CKD was 14.8%. Approximately 2 in 3 had metabolic syndrome. Crude analysis of sociodemographic factor showed increased association of CKD with elderly (OR = 6.33, 95%CI 3.16-12.67) and unemployed or retired (OR = 0.35, 95%CI 0.21-0.59, p < 0.001). Compared with married patients, being unmarried (never married, divorced or widowed) was associated with lower odds of CKD (OR = 0.35, 95%CI 0.21-0.59, p < 0.001). Inversely, association of metabolic risk amount with CKD was found. Patients with 2 to 5 metabolic risk amounts less likely had CKD, compared with those who had one metabolic risk. Hyperglycemia was negatively correlated with CKD. Metabolic syndrome was not associated with CKD.
Based on the findings, patients with HT should have regular clinical risk screening, and must be treated in with accordance with the guidelines to prevent or delay the progression of CKD. Further studies should be carried out to yield more of the findings.
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