Surveying of cardiovascular screening for football (soccer) players among Thai professional football (soccer) clubs
Keywords:
cardiovascular screening, football players, Thai professional football clubAbstract
This survey research aimed to investigate cardiovascular screening protocols for professional football players in the highest-level football clubs in Thailand. The sample group consisted of representatives from the highest-level professional football clubs in Thailand for the 2022/2023 season, totaling 16 clubs. The sample selection is purposive, and data was collected from May to June 2023 using an online questionnaire (Google Form). The questionnaire comprised questionnaires about general information, details of cardiovascular screening for each club, statistics on occurrences of sudden cardiac arrest in football players, and methods of prevention and management of such incidents.
Results indicated that the representatives from 14 professional football clubs provided data, resulting in a response rate of 87.5%. The research found that every club conducts cardiovascular screening for all their football players. The screening included medical history taking and physical examinations by physicians, as well as electrocardiograms were done for all clubs. However, only 64.3% of the clubs conduct echocardiograms, and 78.6% assess cardiac fitness tests. Most clubs use screening criteria from the Asian Football Confederation (AFC), with 35.72% of clubs using additional criteria from the International Football Association (FIFA).
This research suggests that it is essential to include cardiovascular screening for professional football players, comprising medical history taking, physical examinations, electrocardiograms, and cardiac fitness tests, at least once a year. In addition, in the group of football players aged 35 and older, there should be a risk assessment for cardiovascular diseases as well.
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