Effect of the surface roughness of composite resins on the water contact angle and biofilm formation
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Abstract
Objective: To establish the correlation among the surface roughness, contact angle and biofilm formation of composite resins after polishing with polishing devices with different grits.
Materials and methods: Three different composite resins, including microhybrids (Filtek Z250), nanohybrids (Filtek Z250XT) and nanocomposites (Filtek Z350 XT), were used in this study. Fifty discs of each composite resin were prepared and divided into the following 5 groups for polishing: non-polishing (control), Coarse Sof-Lex disc, Medium Sof-Lex disc, Fine Sof-Lex disc, and Superfine Sof-Lex disc. The surface roughness was determined using a contact profilometer. The water contact angle was determined using the sessile drop method. Finally, the biofilm formation was evaluated using a crystal violet assay for S. mutans. Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Dunnett T3 multiple comparison. Additionally, the linear regression models were analyzed to determine the correlation among the surface roughness, water contact angle and biofilm formation.
Results: The roughest surfaces with low surface angles were the surfaces polished with coarse polishing discs, whereas the smoothest surfaces with high surface angles were the surfaces polished with superfine polishing discs for all composites. A large amount of biofilm was found in the groups polished with a coarse grit polishing disc. Correlations between surface roughness and contact angle (r = 0.778); surface roughness and biofilm formation (r = 0.648); and contact angle and biofilm formation (r = 0.563) were found.
Conclusion: There was a direct correlation among the surface roughness, water contact angle and biofilm formation of composite resins.
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References
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