Effect of resin volume fraction on fracture toughness of resin-infiltrated ceramic.
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Abstract
Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate effect of resin volume fraction on fracture toughness of resin-infiltrated ceramic (IPS e-max® Ceram).
Materials and Methods: Forty bar specimens (2x4x24 mm) were divided into 4 groups. The control group was IPS e-max® Ceram specimens. They were prepared following the manufacturer’s recommendation. The other groups were IPS e-max® Ceram infiltrated with 0.5%, 1% and 2% by volume of Silane/UDMA/TEGDMA resin mixture. They were prepared by mixing IPS e-max® Ceram glass powder with polymeric fiber (0.5%, 1% and 2 % by volume) until homogenous and added liquid to form slurry. Then, the mixture was packed into the mold and fired according to the firing schedule without vacuum. After that, resin mixture was infiltrated into the specimens under vacuum at 0.01 MPa for 2 hours then cured by dry heat in the oven at 100°C for 6 hours. Vickers hardness tester was used to create pre-crack indentation on the specimen. Four-point bending test was performed using a universal testing machine with a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min until fracture. Fracture surfaces of all specimens were examined under optical light microscope. Critical flaw sizes were measured using the fractographic approach, and fracture toughness (KIc) was calculated. One-way ANOVA was used to determine and analyze a significant difference of the mean KIc between control group and 0.5%, 1% and 2% by volume of resin-infiltrated ceramic groups at α = 0.05.
Results: The mean fracture toughness of control group, 0.5%, 1% and 2 % of resin-infiltrated ceramic were 0.69±0.05, 0.71±0.08, 0.77±0.11 and 0.80±0.11 MPa·m1/2 respectively. Only 2 % resin-infiltrated ceramic specimen showed the significant increasing on fracture toughness comparing with the control group, (p < 0.05).
Conclusions: The amount of resin volume fraction of resin infiltrated ceramic had an influence on its fracture toughness.
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References
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