Prevalence and morphology of middle mesial canals in a group of Thai permanent mandibular molars from cone-beam computed tomography images
Article Sidebar
Published:
Oct 21, 2020
Keywords:
cone-beam computed tomography, mandibular molars, middle mesial canals, prevalence, root canal morphology, Thai
Main Article Content
Abstract
Objective: To determine prevalence and morphology of middle mesial (MM) canals in a group of Thai permanent mandibular first and second molars by using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).
Materials and Methods: CBCT images with a voxel size of 0.125 mm and field of view of 60 x 60 mm of 903 mandibular first and second molars from 595 Thai patients were examined. MM canals were classified as either confluent or independent type; fin (isthmus) type was not included. MM canal must have its own orifice within range of 1 mm from orifice level, with continuous canal at least half of root length. Presence and morphology of MM canals were recorded. Distances from MM canal to MB and ML canals were measured as well as the thinnest dentin thickness on furcal and mesial sides of MM canals.
Results: In overall, MM canals were found in 0.22% (2/903). Both MM canals were found in mandibular first molars (0.4%; 2/518). One was independent type, and the other was confluent type that joined with MB canal.
Conclusion: According to the classification, MM canals in this Thai population were very rare and detected only in mandibular first molars as either confluent or independent type.
Article Details
How to Cite
1.
Arayasantiparb R, Wanichwetin W, Banomyong D. Prevalence and morphology of middle mesial canals in a group of Thai permanent mandibular molars from cone-beam computed tomography images. M Dent J [Internet]. 2020 Oct. 21 [cited 2024 May 5];37(3):271-7. Available from: https://he02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/mdentjournal/article/view/246862
Section
Original articles
References
1. Cheung GS. Endodontic failures--changing the approach. Int Dent J 1996; 46: 131-138.
2. Hull TE, Robertson PB, Steiner JC, del Aguila MA. Patterns of endodontic care for a Washington state population. J Endod 2003; 29: 553-556.
3. Pomeranz HH, Eidelman DL, Goldberg MG. Treatment considerations of the middle mesial canal of mandibular first and second molars. J Endod 1981; 7: 565-568.
4. Skidmore AE, Bjorndal AM. Root canal morphology of the human mandibular first molar. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1971; 32: 778-784.
5. Vertucci FJ, Williams RG. Root canal anatomy of the mandibular first molar. J N J Dent Assoc 1974; 45: 27-28.
6. Fabra-Campos H. Unusual root anatomy of mandibular first molars. J Endod 1985; 11: 568-572.
7. Fabra-Campos H. Three canals in the mesial root of mandibular first permanent molars: a clinical study. Int Endod J 1989; 22: 39-43.
8. Walker RT. Root form and canal anatomy of mandibular first molars in a southern Chinese population. Endod Dent Traumatol 1988; 4: 19-22.
9. Goel NK, Gill KS, Taneja JR. Study of root canals configuration in mandibular first permanent molar. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent 1991; 8: 12-14.
10. Caliskan MK, Pehlivan Y, Sepetcioglu F, Turkun M, Tuncer SS. Root canal morphology of human permanent teeth in a Turkish population. J Endod 1995; 21: 200-204.
11. Wasti F, Shearer AC, Wilson NH. Root canal systems of the mandibular and maxillary first permanent molar teeth of south Asian Pakistanis. Int Endod J 2001; 34: 263-266.
12. Gulabivala K, Aung TH, Alavi A, Ng YL. Root and canal morphology of Burmese mandibular molars. Int Endod J 2001; 34: 359-370.
13. Gulabivala K, Opasanon A, Ng YL, Alavi A. Root and canal morphology of Thai mandibular molars. Int Endod J 2002; 35: 56-62.
14. Sert S, Aslanalp V, Tanalp J. Investigation of the root canal configurations of mandibular permanent teeth in the Turkish population. Int Endod J 2004; 37: 494-499.
15. Navarro LF, Luzi A, Garcia AA, Garcia AH. Third canal in the mesial root of permanent mandibular first molars: review of the literature and presentation of 3 clinical reports and 2 in vitro studies. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2007; 12: E605-E609.
16. Chen G, Yao H, Tong C. Investigation of the root canal configuration of mandibular first molars in a Taiwan Chinese population. Int Endod J 2009; 42: 1044-1049.
17. Al-Qudah AA, Awawdeh LA. Root and canal morphology of mandibular first and second molar teeth in a Jordanian population. Int Endod J 2009; 42: 775-784.
18. Wang Y, Zheng QH, Zhou XD, Tang L, Wang Q, Zheng GN, et al. Evaluation of the root and canal morphology of mandibular first permanent molars in a western Chinese population by cone-beam computed tomography. J Endod 2010; 36: 1786-1789.
19. Karapinar-Kazandag M, Basrani BR, Friedman S. The operating microscope enhances detection and negotiation of accessory mesial canals in mandibular molars. J Endod 2010; 36: 1289-1294.
20. Nosrat A, Deschenes RJ, Tordik PA, Hicks ML, Fouad AF. Middle mesial canals in mandibular molars: incidence and related factors. J Endod 2015; 41: 28-32.
21. Azim AA, Deutsch AS, Solomon CS. Prevalence of middle mesial canals in mandibular molars after guided troughing under high magnification: an in vivo investigation. J Endod 2015; 41: 164-168.
22. Fava LR, Dummer PM. Periapical radiographic techniques during endodontic diagnosis and treatment. Int Endod J 1997; 30: 250-261.
23. Patel S, Dawood A, Ford TP, Whaites E. The potential applications of cone beam computed tomography in the management of endodontic problems. Int Endod J 2007; 40: 818-830.
24. Neelakantan P, Subbarao C, Subbarao CV. Comparative evaluation of modified canal staining and clearing technique, cone-beam computed tomography, peripheral quantitative computed tomography, spiral computed tomography, and plain and contrast medium-enhanced digital radiography in studying root canal morphology. J Endod 2010; 36: 1547-1551.
25. Blattner TC, George N, Lee CC, Kumar V, Yelton CD. Efficacy of cone-beam computed tomography as a modality to accurately identify the presence of second mesiobuccal canals in maxillary first and second molars: a pilot study. J Endod 2010; 36: 867-870.
26. Hassan BA, Payam J, Juyanda B, van der Stelt P, Wesselink PR. Influence of scan setting selections on root canal visibility with cone beam CT. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2012; 41: 645-648.
27. Mirmohammadi H, Mahdi L, Partovi P, Khademi A, Shemesh H, Hassan B. Accuracy of Cone-beam Computed Tomography in the Detection of a Second Mesiobuccal Root Canal in Endodontically Treated Teeth: An Ex Vivo Study. J Endod 2015; 41: 1678-1681.
28. Gu L, Wei X, Ling J, Huang X. A microcomputed tomographic study of canal isthmuses in the mesial root of mandibular first molars in a Chinese population. J Endod 2009; 35: 353-356.
29. Vertucci FJ. Root canal anatomy of the human permanent teeth. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1984; 58: 589-599.
2. Hull TE, Robertson PB, Steiner JC, del Aguila MA. Patterns of endodontic care for a Washington state population. J Endod 2003; 29: 553-556.
3. Pomeranz HH, Eidelman DL, Goldberg MG. Treatment considerations of the middle mesial canal of mandibular first and second molars. J Endod 1981; 7: 565-568.
4. Skidmore AE, Bjorndal AM. Root canal morphology of the human mandibular first molar. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1971; 32: 778-784.
5. Vertucci FJ, Williams RG. Root canal anatomy of the mandibular first molar. J N J Dent Assoc 1974; 45: 27-28.
6. Fabra-Campos H. Unusual root anatomy of mandibular first molars. J Endod 1985; 11: 568-572.
7. Fabra-Campos H. Three canals in the mesial root of mandibular first permanent molars: a clinical study. Int Endod J 1989; 22: 39-43.
8. Walker RT. Root form and canal anatomy of mandibular first molars in a southern Chinese population. Endod Dent Traumatol 1988; 4: 19-22.
9. Goel NK, Gill KS, Taneja JR. Study of root canals configuration in mandibular first permanent molar. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent 1991; 8: 12-14.
10. Caliskan MK, Pehlivan Y, Sepetcioglu F, Turkun M, Tuncer SS. Root canal morphology of human permanent teeth in a Turkish population. J Endod 1995; 21: 200-204.
11. Wasti F, Shearer AC, Wilson NH. Root canal systems of the mandibular and maxillary first permanent molar teeth of south Asian Pakistanis. Int Endod J 2001; 34: 263-266.
12. Gulabivala K, Aung TH, Alavi A, Ng YL. Root and canal morphology of Burmese mandibular molars. Int Endod J 2001; 34: 359-370.
13. Gulabivala K, Opasanon A, Ng YL, Alavi A. Root and canal morphology of Thai mandibular molars. Int Endod J 2002; 35: 56-62.
14. Sert S, Aslanalp V, Tanalp J. Investigation of the root canal configurations of mandibular permanent teeth in the Turkish population. Int Endod J 2004; 37: 494-499.
15. Navarro LF, Luzi A, Garcia AA, Garcia AH. Third canal in the mesial root of permanent mandibular first molars: review of the literature and presentation of 3 clinical reports and 2 in vitro studies. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2007; 12: E605-E609.
16. Chen G, Yao H, Tong C. Investigation of the root canal configuration of mandibular first molars in a Taiwan Chinese population. Int Endod J 2009; 42: 1044-1049.
17. Al-Qudah AA, Awawdeh LA. Root and canal morphology of mandibular first and second molar teeth in a Jordanian population. Int Endod J 2009; 42: 775-784.
18. Wang Y, Zheng QH, Zhou XD, Tang L, Wang Q, Zheng GN, et al. Evaluation of the root and canal morphology of mandibular first permanent molars in a western Chinese population by cone-beam computed tomography. J Endod 2010; 36: 1786-1789.
19. Karapinar-Kazandag M, Basrani BR, Friedman S. The operating microscope enhances detection and negotiation of accessory mesial canals in mandibular molars. J Endod 2010; 36: 1289-1294.
20. Nosrat A, Deschenes RJ, Tordik PA, Hicks ML, Fouad AF. Middle mesial canals in mandibular molars: incidence and related factors. J Endod 2015; 41: 28-32.
21. Azim AA, Deutsch AS, Solomon CS. Prevalence of middle mesial canals in mandibular molars after guided troughing under high magnification: an in vivo investigation. J Endod 2015; 41: 164-168.
22. Fava LR, Dummer PM. Periapical radiographic techniques during endodontic diagnosis and treatment. Int Endod J 1997; 30: 250-261.
23. Patel S, Dawood A, Ford TP, Whaites E. The potential applications of cone beam computed tomography in the management of endodontic problems. Int Endod J 2007; 40: 818-830.
24. Neelakantan P, Subbarao C, Subbarao CV. Comparative evaluation of modified canal staining and clearing technique, cone-beam computed tomography, peripheral quantitative computed tomography, spiral computed tomography, and plain and contrast medium-enhanced digital radiography in studying root canal morphology. J Endod 2010; 36: 1547-1551.
25. Blattner TC, George N, Lee CC, Kumar V, Yelton CD. Efficacy of cone-beam computed tomography as a modality to accurately identify the presence of second mesiobuccal canals in maxillary first and second molars: a pilot study. J Endod 2010; 36: 867-870.
26. Hassan BA, Payam J, Juyanda B, van der Stelt P, Wesselink PR. Influence of scan setting selections on root canal visibility with cone beam CT. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2012; 41: 645-648.
27. Mirmohammadi H, Mahdi L, Partovi P, Khademi A, Shemesh H, Hassan B. Accuracy of Cone-beam Computed Tomography in the Detection of a Second Mesiobuccal Root Canal in Endodontically Treated Teeth: An Ex Vivo Study. J Endod 2015; 41: 1678-1681.
28. Gu L, Wei X, Ling J, Huang X. A microcomputed tomographic study of canal isthmuses in the mesial root of mandibular first molars in a Chinese population. J Endod 2009; 35: 353-356.
29. Vertucci FJ. Root canal anatomy of the human permanent teeth. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1984; 58: 589-599.