The three-dimensional temporomandibular joint morphology in a group of Thai skeletal class III openbite patients using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Objectives: The aims of this study were to investigate the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) morphology and to compare the dimensions and ratios between sides and males and females with a skeletal Class III openbite.
Materials and Methods: Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) images of 36 TMJs (9 adult males, aged 20–37 years, mean age 23.44±5.41 years and 9 females, aged 22–42 years, mean age 28.78±6.05 years) in Thai patients with a skeletal Class III openbite were analyzed using multiplanar reconstruction images. Measurements were performed comprising the mesiodistal and the anteroposterior condylar width, the condylar height and axis, and the glenoid fossa depth. The differences in dimensions between the left and the right TMJs were analyzed by the Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test and paired t-test. The differences in dimensions and ratios between sexes were analyzed using the Independent t-test and Mann-Whitney U test.
Results: The anteroposterior condylar width and the condylar axis were significantly higher on the left side than on the right side (p=0.047 and p=0.006, respectively). The average anteroposterior condylar width was slightly higher in males than females (7.99±1.48 mm in males, 7.26±0.58 mm in females, %difference = 9.57%, p>0.05). Moreover, the condylar anteroposterior width to condylar height ratio was higher in males than females (p=0.043).
Conclusions: The left and the right TMJs were significantly different in their anteroposterior condylar width and the condylar axis. Male Thai skeletal Class III openbite patients demonstrated a significantly higher anteroposterior condylar width to condylar height ratio compared with females.
Article Details
References
Neto J EC, Bueno M, Guedes O, Porto O, Pécora J. Mandibular condyle dimensional changes in subjects
from 3 to 20 years of age using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography A preliminary study. Dental Press J
Orthod 2010; 15: 172-81.
Al-koshab M, Nambiar P, John J. Assessment of condyle and glenoid fossa morphology using CBCT in
South-East Asians. PLoS One 2015; 10: 1-11.
Alhammadi MS, Fayed MS, Labib A. Three-dimensional assessment of temporomandibular joints in skeletal
Class I, Class II, and Class III malocclusions: Cone beam computed tomography analysis. J World Fed
Orthod 2016; 5: 80-86.
Park IY, Kim JH, Park YH. Three-dimensional cone-beam computed tomography based comparison of
condylar position and morphology according to the vertical skeletal pattern. Korean J Orthod 2015; 45: 66-
Arayapisit T, Ngamsom S, Duangthip P, Wongdit S, Wattanachaisiri S, Joonthongvirat Y, et al.
Understanding the mandibular condyle morphology on panoramic images: A cone beam computed
tomography comparison study. Cranio 2020: 1-8. doi: 10.1080/08869634.2020.1857627
Petersson A. What you can and cannot see in TMJ imaging--an overview related to the RDC/TMD diagnostic
system. J Oral Rehabil 2010; 37: 771-78.
Honda K, Arai Y, Kashima M, Takano Y, Sawada K, Ejima K, et al. Evaluation of the usefulness of the limited
cone-beam CT (3DX) in the assessment of the thickness of the roof of the glenoid fossa of the
temporomandibular joint. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2004; 33: 391-95.
Sorathesn K. Craniofacial study for Thai orthodontic population [Master's Thesis]: Saint Louis: Washington
University; 1984.
Chaiworawitkul M. Cephalometric Norms of Northern Thais. J Thai Assoc Orthod 2008; 7: 1-7.
Landis JR, Koch GG. The measurement of observer agreement for categorical data. Biometrics 1977; 33:
-74.
Alhammadi MS, Shafey AS, Fayed MS, Mostafa YA. Temporomandibular joint measurements in normal
occlusion: A three-dimensional cone beam computed tomography analysis. J World Fed Orthod 2014; 3:
-62.
Rodrigues AF, Fraga MR, Vitral RW. Computed tomography evaluation of the temporomandibular joint in
Class II Division 1 and Class III malocclusion patients: condylar symmetry and condyle-fossa relationship.
Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2009; 136: 199-206.
Chae JM, Park JH, Tai K, Mizutani K, Uzuka S, Miyashita W, et al. Evaluation of condyle-fossa relationships
in adolescents with various skeletal patterns using cone-beam computed tomography. Angle Orthod 2020;
: 224-32.
Alam MK, Ganji KK, Munisekhar MS, Alanazi NS, Alsharif HN, Iqbal A, et al. A 3D cone beam computed
tomography (CBCT) investigation of mandibular condyle morphometry: Gender determination, disparities,
asymmetry assessment and relationship with mandibular size. Saudi Dent J 2020. doi:
1016/j.sdentj.2020.04.008.
Noh KJ, Baik HS, Han SS, Jang W, Choi YJ. Differences in mandibular condyle and glenoid fossa
morphology in relation to vertical and sagittal skeletal patterns: A cone-beam computed tomography study.
Korean J Orthod 2021; 51: 126-34.