Bismuth oxide radiopacifier in non-mineral trioxide aggregate calcium silicate cement: The effect on tooth discoloration in a regenerative endodontic tooth model
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Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate tooth discoloration from two experimental materials− non-mineral trioxide aggregate calcium silicate cement (non-MTA CSC) containing bismuth oxide (BiO) or zirconium (ZrO) radiopacifier, and two commercial materials− Bio-MA (composing of MTA and BiO), and Biodentine (composing of non-MTA CSC and ZrO).
Materials and Methods: The 75 regenerative endodontic tooth models were prepared from human mandibular premolars. The mixed CSC was placed as a coronal barrier in 3-mm thick before the coronal access was restored. The tooth color was measured at the buccal surface using a spectrophotometer (Vita Easyshade V) on days 1, 7, 30, and 90. The total color change (ΔE) was statistically analyzed and compared to the clinically detectable level at ΔE 3.7. The samples were sectioned to observe any discoloration of either material or dentine.
Results: Over the 90-day period, the non-MTA CSC containing BiO or ZrO and Biodentine groups showed ΔE ≤3.7. The Bio-MA group presented the highest ΔE (>3.7), which was significantly higher than the others (p<.05). The discoloration was observed in the Bio-MA material. Non-MTA CSC with BiO or ZrO radiopacifier and Biodentine did not induce the discoloration.
Conclusion: Non-MTA CSC with BiO or ZrO radiopacifier and Biodentine did not induce tooth discoloration. However, Bio-MA, which was MTA with BiO radiopacifier, particularly induced the tooth color change (ΔE >3.7) from the discoloration of the material.
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