Effect of fluoride-containing resin sealant on the subsurface enamel microhardness of artificial incipient caries lesions: An in vitro study
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Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the subsurface enamel microhardness at different depths on artificial incipient enamel caries using fluoride-releasing resin sealants.
Materials and Methods: Artificial enamel caries were created at the buccal surface of thirty-six extracted human premolars and randomly divided into three groups (n=12): Group 1: untreated group (control), Group 2: fluoride-releasing resin sealant (FRS, ClinproTM), and Group 3: non-fluoride releasing resin sealant (NFRS, ConciseTM). The sealant was placed on the buccal window (2x2x1 mm3) of the teeth in groups 2 and 3; and the groups underwent pH cycling for ten days. The teeth were sectioned, and the Knoop hardness number (KHN) was measured at 30-, 60-, 90-, 120-, and 150-µm deep from the enamel surface. The data were analyzed using one-way repeated ANOVA and pairwise comparisons with the Bonferroni test with a significance level of p < 0.05.
Results: At 30-µm depth, the enamel microhardness in the FRS group was the highest (159.62 ± 30.66 KHN) and statistically significantly higher than the NFRS (120.64 ± 38.07 KHN) and control (31.52 ± 14.75 KHN) groups (p < 0.05). At 60-µm depth, the FRS group’s microhardness was also the highest (234.16 ± 19.42 KHN) and was statistically significantly higher than the control group (206.83 ± 26.40 KHN) (p<0.05) but not significantly different from the NFRS group (212.80 ± 15.57 KHN) (p > 0.05).
Conclusion: The fluoride-releasing resin sealant significantly increased the enamel microhardness at the outer enamel (30-µm deep), which could benefit patients with initial caries.
Objective: To evaluate the subsurface enamel microhardness at different depths on artificial incipient enamel caries using fluoride-releasing resin sealants.
Materials and Methods: Artificial enamel caries were created at the buccal surface of thirty-six extracted human premolars and randomly divided into three groups (n=12): Group 1: untreated group (control), Group 2: fluoride-releasing resin sealant (FRS, ClinproTM), and Group 3: non-fluoride releasing resin sealant (NFRS, ConciseTM). The sealant was placed on the buccal window (2x2x1 mm3) of the teeth in groups 2 and 3; and the groups underwent pH cycling for ten days. The teeth were sectioned, and the Knoop hardness number (KHN) was measured at 30-, 60-, 90-, 120-, and 150-µm deep from the enamel surface. The data were analyzed using one-way repeated ANOVA and pairwise comparisons with the Bonferroni test with a significance level of p < 0.05.
Results: At 30-µm depth, the enamel microhardness in the FRS group was the highest (159.62 ± 30.66 KHN) and statistically significantly higher than the NFRS (120.64 ± 38.07 KHN) and control (31.52 ± 14.75 KHN) groups (p < 0.05). At 60-µm depth, the FRS group’s microhardness was also the highest (234.16 ± 19.42 KHN) and was statistically significantly higher than the control group (206.83 ± 26.40 KHN) (p<0.05) but not significantly different from the NFRS group (212.80 ± 15.57 KHN) (p > 0.05).
Conclusion: The fluoride-releasing resin sealant significantly increased the enamel microhardness at the outer enamel (30-µm deep), which could benefit patients with initial caries.
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