Stress and strain distribution on denture-bearing area of distal extension removable partial denture and stress of the abutment tooth: A finite element analysis

Abstract

Objectives: This study investigated the distribution pattern and magnitude of stress and strain in the denture-bearing area and the abutment tooth upon the axial loading on the artificial tooth of a distal extension removable partial denture (RPD).

Materials and Methods: A 3D model of a Kennedy Class II mandibular arch was digitally created. Using finite element analysis software, the pattern and magnitude of stress and strain distribution were observed upon the application of an axial occlusal load of 100N on the artificial teeth on the denture base (teeth 35, 36, and 37). The stress and strain distribution were analyzed separately when a force was applied on each artificial tooth. The descriptive explanation comparing the pattern and magnitude of stress and strain distribution was reported.

Results: The highest magnitude of stress and strain was observed when the axial load was applied on artificial tooth 35. A significant stress and strain distribution was observed in the cortical bone around the posterior region beneath the denture base. At the abutment tooth, the greatest stress distribution was found around the cervical area of the distobuccal tooth aspect. Interestingly, there was a decrease in the magnitude of stress and strain in the cortical bone and abutment tooth as the load was shifted posteriorly.

Conclusion: This study demonstrated that the location of the axial load on the denture base of the distal extension RPD did affect the magnitude of stress and strain and its distribution pattern. Appropriate design and consideration on the usage of distal extension RPD seemingly reduce the detrimental effect on the supporting periodontium and the abutment tooth.