Effect of accelerated aging on phase transformation and flexural strength of yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia dental ceramics
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Abstract
Objectives: The objectives of this study were to investigate the effect of hydrothermal aging on the flexural strength and the transformation behavior of two translucent (Cercon xt ML and Ceramill Zolid FXML) and two conventional (Cercon ht and Ceramill ZI) dental zirconia (Y-TZP).
Materials and methods:Five bar-shaped specimens (1.5 x 4 x 22 mm) of zirconia in each group were subjected to hydrothermal aging process at 134°C under 0.2 MPa for 0, 10 and 50 hours. After aging, the monoclinic-to-tetragonal phase transformation was evaluated using an x-ray diffraction technique. The alteration in material microstructure was observed using a scanning electron microscope. The flexural strength of all specimens was determined using a four-point bending test. Two-way ANOVA was used to analyze the flexural strength values to find the significant differences among groups at α =.05.
Results:The results showed that there was a significant increase in flexural strength of Ceramill ZI and Cercon ht after autoclaving for 10 hours and 50 hours. The flexural strengths of Ceramill Zolid FXML and Cercon xt ML were not significantly different at all autoclaving times. After 50 hours of autoclaving, the monoclinic phase increased from 0.2 to 69.40 wt% for Ceramill ZI, and from 0 to 70.03 wt% for Cercon ht. There was also no relevant effect of aging on grain size or topography at the surface of all Y-TZPs groups.
Conclusions:Prolonged hydrothermal aging caused an increase in monoclinic phase content in conventional dental zirconia and a significant increase in flexural strength was also observed in this group. However, prolonged hydrothermal aging had limited effect on flexural strength and amount of monoclinic phase change observed in the translucent dental zirconia group.
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