Effects of 40% hydrogen peroxide on the surface roughness and biofilm formation of three different types of resin composites
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Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to examine the effects of hydrogen peroxide on three different resin composites (Z250: microhybrid, Z250XT: nanohybrid, and Z350XT: nanocomposite) in terms of surface roughness alteration and biofilm formation.
Materials and Methods: Forty-two samples were prepared from each material and then randomly divided into two groups for investigation. In total, 20 samples were used to determine the surface roughness, and the remaining 22 samples were used to determine biofilm formation. Finally, the samples were divided into two subgroups: the bleached group and the nonbleached group. In the bleached group, the samples were bleached with 40% hydrogen peroxide (opalescence boost). The bleaching procedures were conducted following the manufacturer’s instructions. The surface roughness was assessed using an arithmetical mean height of an area (Sa) by a laser scanning microscope. For biofilm measurement, S. mutans was cultured on each sample coated with the acquired pellicle and stained with a Live/Dead Bac LightTM Bacterial Viability Kit. Biofilm formation was measured under a confocal laser scanning microscope.
Results: The surface roughness significantly differed among the three groups of materials without bleaching (p=0.000) and with bleaching (p=0.000). The roughness of Z250 was significantly greater than that of the other two samples, while no significant difference between Z350XT and Z250XT was observed. Compared with that of the samples without bleaching, the surface roughness of the three types of resin composites was significantly different (p<0.05). For biofilm formation, no significant differences among the groups were observed.
Conclusions: Bleaching affected the Sa of three different types of resin composites, but the change in Sa had no effect on the average volume of colonies at the substratum of S. mutans biofilms. The resin-based materials Z250, Z350XT and Z250XT represent potentially suitable materials for aesthetic restoration, and the 40% hydrogen peroxide bleaching agent had no adverse effects.
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