The Effectiveness of the Health Behavior Change Program with 7 Colors Ball Tool on Knowledge, Health Belief and Behavior Related to the Prevention and Control of Hypertension and Diabetes Mellitus, in Maeka Sub-District, Muang District, Phayao Province

Abstract

This quasi-experimental research aimed to examine the effectiveness of the health behavior change program with 7 colors ball tool on knowledge, health belief and behavior related to the prevention and control of hypertension and diabetes mellitus in Maeka Sub-district, Muang district, Phayao province. Research design was pretest-posttest two group design. The samples comprised of 60 DM and HT patients with the severity of red and orange disease. Samples were purposively selected according to the specific qualifications and divided into experimental and comparison group with 30 samples. The experimental group received the health behavior modification program according to the concept of health belief model theory, participation theory and social support with “7 colors ball” tool for 8 weeks. Data were collected by questionnaires which were validated by 3 experts. The reliability test of the knowledge questionnaires with KR20= .84, and questionnaire concerning health belief and behavior related to the prevention and control of hypertension and diabetes mellitus with Cronbach’s coefficient alpha = .72 and .82 respectively. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, paired t-test and independent t-test. This quasi-experimental research aimed to examine the effectiveness of the health behavior change program with 7 colors ball tool on knowledge, health belief and behavior related to the prevention and control of hypertension and diabetes mellitus in Maeka Sub-district, Muang district, Phayao province. Research design was pretest-posttest two group design. The samples comprised of 60 DM and HT patients with the severity of red and orange disease. Samples were purposively selected according to the specific qualifications and divided into experimental and comparison group with 30 samples. The experimental group received the health behavior modification program according to the concept of health belief model theory, participation theory and social support with “7 colors ball” tool for 8 weeks. Data were collected by questionnaires which were validated by 3 experts. The reliability test of the knowledge questionnaires with KR20= .84, and questionnaire concerning health belief and behavior related to the prevention and control of hypertension and diabetes mellitus with Cronbach’s coefficient alpha = .72 and .82 respectively. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, paired t-test and independent t-test.

Results revealed that the mean score of knowledge, health belief and behavior related to the prevention and control within the experimental group before and after the experiment were significantly different (t= -9.38, p< .001, t= -10.42, p< .001 and t= -20.40, p< .001 respectively) and between the experimental and comparison group were significantly different (t=5.57, p= .009, t=4.07, p< .001 and t=14.24, p< .001 respectively). The experimental group had decreased severity of the disease. While the comparison group had a constant level of severity of disease. The process of community participation in the design of health behavior change program is the main of success in changing people’s health behavior.