Factors Associated with Pain Level Among Community-Dwelling Dependency Older Adults
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Abstract
Objective: This descriptive research aimed to examine pain characteristics and factors associated with pain level among community-dwelling dependency older adults. Methods: Samples were 84 dependent older adults living in Maung District, Phayao Province. The sample were recruited using the inclusion criteria as follows: aged over 60 years old without dementia and cancer, experiencing pain more than 3 months. Data collection was done between March - December 2019. The research instruments were the Thai Short-form McGill Pain Questionnaire, the Barthel Activities of Daily Living Thai-version, and the 9Q Depression Scale. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Chi-square test, Fisher’s exact test, and Spearman rank correlation coefficient. Results: The study showed that most of the subjects were female (67.90%) with a mean age of 79.67 years (SD = 9.28). Most samples reported that they had one or two sites of pain (41.70%). They reported the sensory pain descriptors as throbbing (47.60%) the affective pain descriptor as sickening (52.40%). The present pain intensity (PPI) was discomforting (31.00%). The mean score of pain
severity (NRS) was at a moderate level ( = 5.21, SD = 2.02). The underlying diseases and depression had a positive correlation with pain levels (Fisher’s exact = 0.016 p < 0.05, r = 0.48 p < 0.01 respectively) whereas levels of activities of daily living had a negative association with pain levels (r = -0.52, p < 0.01). Conclusion: This study recommends that healthcare providers should perform pain assessment continuously for community-dwelling dependency older adults and provide the effective pain management.
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