Model Development for Intensive Approach toward Malaria Elimination in Thasongyang District, Tak Province

Abstract

The objectives of research were to develop the model for intensive prevention and vector control approach toward malaria elimination in the area of Thasongyang District, 24 villages, 6 sub-districts in all population groups. Data were collected by data collection and questionnaires that were analyzed by descriptive statistics. The study model consisted of 1) Multipurpose Proactive Operations Team, to active case detection, quickly diagnosis, prompt treatment, completely follow up, prevention and vector control covering in all population groups. 2) Behavior modification supported team. 3) Case detection team, to blood collection and diagnosis by Pool Real-time PCR technique. 4) Entomological evaluation team, to survey and evaluate the resistance of vector mosquitoes.

Research results were: 1) The population was blood collected to find out malaria parasite. The malaria patients were completely taking medicine and following up at high covering 83.89% - 94.52%. The hut indoor residual spraying, distributing long lasting impregnated nets (LLIN) and distributing mosquito repellents were done covering 100% of the households. 2) 91.75% of the people have a habit of sleeping in mosquito nets, which were used regularly at 85.50%. 3) Pool Real-time PCR method were applied to detect malaria cases coverage 78.03% of the population. This method can detect more malaria cases than microscopic examination. 4) Detecting malaria vectors, An. Minimus complex, An. Maculatus group and An. varuna, were also chemically susceptible and were not resistant to deltamethrin and permethrin. The mortality rate was 100% for the performance test of 1-year-old long lasting impregnated nets that people use to sleep regularly. The Bio-assay test method found that it is still effective in preventing mosquitoes. The mortality rate was 65.91% - 97.96%. In 2014 - 2016, the number of malaria patients in Thasongyang District decreased and continued to decrease with the disease rate per thousand population of 69.68%, 29.02% and 12.11% respectively, 1.65, 2.4 and 2.39 times, respectively.