Risk Factors Associated with the Severe Outcome of Influenza Infections in Hospitalized Children
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Abstract
BACKGROUND: Influenza can cause severe complications to people’s health. Knowing the risk factors associated with severe cases would lead to costly effectiveness in influenza vaccination, screening, and close monitoring of cases.
OBJECTIVES: (1) To identify the factors associated with severe influenza infection in hospitalized pediatric patients. (2) To develop an approach for appropriate treatment and guidelines in using a rapid test kit for influenza infection as well as to study the complications, antibiotic usage, ventilator assistance, and length of hospitalisation.
METHODS: This study was conducted by retrospectively reviewing the charts of children less than 15 years old, who had had a positive rapid test kit nasal swab for influenza and were admitted to the Pediatric Ward, Prapokklao Hospital, Chanthaburi Province, Thailand during January 1-December 31, 2019. The potential factors were analyzed with multivariate analysis.
RESULTS: A total of 33.7% of patients (55/163) with severe influenza infection were admitted to the Pediatric Ward during the study period. The most common complication was pneumonia, which had developed in 34.5% of the severe influenza patients (19/55). Antibiotic usage (AOR=7.54, p<0.01) gender of male patients (AOR=2.58, p=0.03) are found to be the risk factors associated with severe influenza.
CONCLUSIONS: The study show that The risk factors associated with severe influenza were male patients and antibiotic usage. This included male patients who had been listed in the criteria for a nasal swab rapid test and administered with early antiviral drugs along with appropriate antibiotics usage for influenza infection. This accounted for the cost-effectiveness in the treatment of influenza infection.
Thaiclinicaltrials.org number, TCTR 20220101001
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