Behavioral Risks for Obesity and Overweight in Patients with Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder
Keywords:
Obesity, Overweight, Schizophrenia, Eating behavior, Physical activityAbstract
Objective: To study the relationship among factors affecting obesity and overweight in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder patient, including eating behavior, physical activity, and type of antipsychotic drugs.
Methods: A cross-sectional study in outpatients at psychiatric clinic, Ramathibodi Hospital is carried out in order to diagnose schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Body weight, height and medications were recorded. Eating behavior and physical activity were assessed by self reported questionnaire. Data was statistically analyzed to identify correlations.
Results: 111 patient were recruited, of which their mean age is 42.3 year old. 64 of them (57.7%) were diagnosed as schizophrenia and 47 of them (42.3%) were diagnosed as bipolar disorder. Mean body mass index (BMI) of those participants is 25.78 kg/m2 (SD 4.78). 59 of them (53.15%) have obesity and 18 of them (16.21%) are overweight. The current BMI of each patient with each physical activity group is not different from that of the past 6 months (P value 0.90 and 0.72). The group of patients who have high eating behavior score tends to have low BMI, with no statistical significance (P = 0.532, Pearson correlation = -0.63). For 6 months change in BMI, the group of patients who have high eating behavior score tends to have less increase in BMI, with on statistical significance (P = 0.591, Pearson correlation = -0.055). The BMI values of the patients receiving the first and the second generation antipsychotic were not different (P = 0.37) but after 6 months each of them increased by 0.59 and 0.74 kg/m2, respectively. However, they were not significantly different in terms of statistics (P = 0.55). Eating behavior and physical activity of patients receiving first generation antipsychotic and second generation antipsychotic were not different (P = 0.14 and 0.08).
Conclusion: Eating behavior and physical activity may not relate to obesity or overweight in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder patients. Eating behavior and physical activity in patients receiving first generation antipsychotic and second generation antipsychotic were not different.
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