Prognostic Factors for Predicting Children Prolong hospitalization in Dengue Infection in Community Hospital, Thailand: A Retrospective Cohort Study (2020-2024)
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Abstract
Background: Dengue is a significant mosquito-borne viral disease prevalent in tropical and subtropical regions, causing a substantial public health burden. This study aimed to identify prognostic factors associated with prolonged hospitalization in pediatric patients diagnosed with dengue infection.
Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted at Sanam Chai Khet Hospital, Thailand, from January 2020 to August 2024. A total of 157 pediatric patients under 18 years of age were included, with prolonged hospitalization defined as a stay of 5 days or more. Patients with co-infections during dengue were excluded. Data were collected from scanned inpatient medical records, and statistical analyses included descriptive statistics, Chi-square tests, Mann-Whitney U tests, t-tests, and binary logistic regression
Results: The prevalence of prolonged hospitalization was found to be 24.20% (38 patients). The demographic analysis showed a median age of 10 years (IQR: 8-14), with a distribution of 38.46% females and 61.54% males in the prolonged group. The multivariable analysis identified five significant prognostic factors: (1) day of illness at presentation (AOR 0.69, 95% CI 0.53-0.91, p < 0.01), (2) cough (AOR 5.03, 95% CI 1.68-15.07, p < 0.01), (3) plasma leakage (AOR 10.84, 95% CI 1.35-87.00, p = 0.03), (4) WBC count, and (5) lymphocyte levels were also significant predictors of prolonged hospitalization.
Discussion: The findings underscore the need for early recognition and intervention in managing pediatric dengue cases, as timely medical care can potentially reduce the length of hospitalization and associated complications. The study highlights the importance of monitoring specific clinical and laboratory parameters to identify at-risk patients.
Conclusion: In conclusion, this study identifies key prognostic factors for prolonged hospitalization in pediatric dengue patients, emphasizing the significance of clinical symptoms and laboratory markers. These insights can inform clinical practice and resource allocation in the management of dengue infections in pediatric populations.
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